江苏开放大学大学英语B2，形成性考核作业3（综合性大作业）参考答案

江苏开放大学大学英语B2，形成性考核作业3阅读题

1、阅读Passage One，回答C-1到C-4四个问题。请从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入题干空白处的最佳选项。

Passage One

           The fourth round of heavy smog that hit Beijing in four weeks has sent more people to the hospital with respiratory(呼吸的) illnesses and led to calls for laws to control the pollution.

           Pan Shiyi, a real estate developer, said he is planning to propose(提出) a Clean Air Act to the local government. As a representative of the Beijing Municipal People’s Congress, he started an online survey at 9:20 am. Within three hours，more than 25,000 web users, or 99 percent of total respondents, welcomed his proposal on Sina Weibo, China’s Twitter.

            They have good reasons to stand alongside Pan. The latest round of haze(雾霾) reduced visibility to under 500 meters in many parts of the city. The smog has also led to a great increase in respiratory illnesses, particularly among children and the elderly. Anxious parents and doctors about all blame the smoggy air for the illnesses. Though most schoolchildren are home for the winter holidays, the bad air can easily move indoors. Besides, ordinary medical masks fail to provide adequate protection, so some people have turned to gas masks and respirators(呼吸器).

            The causes of the scary smog are rather mysterious, though experts blame excessive emissions and the mountains around Beijing that trap pollution in winter, unless there is adequate wind to clear it away. Some critics have pointed fingers at China’s top two oil firms, China National Petroleum Corp and China Petrochemical Corporation, saying the companies’ outdated production technologies produce large quantities of substandard, highpolluting gas fuel.

            Meanwhile, concerned Beijingers have moved their brainstorming sessions to cyberspace. If Pan’s proposal for a Clean Air Act is adopted, netizens say the new law should include items providing for “carfree days” in times of smog, higher standards for vehicle fuel, stricter restrictions on industrial and exhaust gas emissions，and more effective protection for the public.

           Beijing is not the only city that has ever lost the blue sky. Five days of thick fog caused thousands of deaths in Britain in December 1952, urging the government to pass the first Clean Air Act in 1956, which introduced smokeless zones and cleaner fuels to reduce pollution. That may provide some experience for Beijing to refer to.

C-1. Why did Pan Shiyi started an online survey?

A、To investigate the public’s opinions on pollution.

B、To tell people the danger of the smoggy weather.

C、To call on more people to support his proposal.

D、To collect supporting evidences for his proposal.

标准答案：D学生答案：D

答案解析：推理判断题。根据文章第二段内容可知，潘石屹发起网上调查，是因为他计划向地方政府提交《清洁空气法案》的提议(proposal)，首先排除A、B两项；再根据常识判断，网上发起投票调查，是为了收集提议受到支持的证据，使其更具说服力，故答案选D。

2、阅读C-1题干中Passage One材料，完成本题。

C-2. What can we learn from the passage?

A、People are clear about the causes of the smoggy weather.

B、Children staying indoors will not get respiratory illnesses.

C、Smog is worse for people with lower resistance to diseases.

D、Masks can give people protection against the smoggy weather.

标准答案：C学生答案：C

答案解析：细节理解题。根据第三段第三句可知选C，雾霾导致呼吸性系统疾病的增长，尤其在老人和儿童中(抵抗力较低的人群)。根据第四段第一句可知A项错误；根据第三段倒数第二句可知B项错误；根据第三段最后一句可知D项错误。

3、阅读C-1题干中Passage One材料，完成本题。

C-3. Britain is mentioned in the last paragraph to __________.

A、suggest Beijing should learn from other countries

B、 let people know many places have this problem

C、tell people the situation in Britain is worse

D、call on the government to pass Britain’s Clean Air Act

标准答案：A学生答案：A

答案解析：推理判断题。根据全文最后一句可推断出，举例是建议北京向英国学习，早日制定《清洁空气法案》。

4、阅读C-1题干中Passage One材料，完成本题。

C-4. What’s the best title for this passage?

A、The Use of Gas Masks and Respirators

B、Beijingers Call for a Clean Air Act

C、Effective Protection for Blue Sky

D、The Mysterious Causes of the Scary Smog

标准答案：B学生答案：B

答案解析：标题归纳题。文章介绍了北京持续出现的雾霾天气导致的严重危害以及网民们呼吁制定《清洁空气法案》，故B项符合文章主旨。

5、阅读Passage Two,回答C-5到C-8四个问题。请从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入题干空白处的最佳选项。

 Passage Two

          The story happened during the Second World War. An old man lived in a small town of Germany. He had three sons and they all worked in the same factory where he had worked. After the war had begun, his sons were all made to join the army one after another and they all died in the fights. The old man was very sad. He didn’t have enough food and was often hungry. And nobody helped him and he didn’t know how to go on living.

          It was a very cold winter night. The old man couldn’t go to sleep. He had been hungry for two days and it was so cold in his room that ice could be seen. He had to get up and began to run in the room until he lay down on the floor. The next morning he had to beg from door to door. He had been to a lot of cities and knew a lot.

Once he came to a village, but the villagers were all poor and couldn’t give him anything. He was too hungry to go to another village. He thought hard and found a way. He came to a police station and called out, “Hitler is a foolish pig!”

         Out came an old policeman at once. He took the old man into a room, gave him some bread and a cup of tea. Then he said, “Don’t say so in our village, sir!”

         “I’m sorry, sir,” said the old man. “I don’t know it’s Hitler’s home town.” “No, no, sir,” the policeman said in a hurry. “It’s pigs’ hometown!”

C-5. The old man’s sons joined the army because _______. 

A、they were all strong

B、they loved their country

C、they wanted to be full

D、they had to do so

标准答案：D学生答案：D

答案解析：推理判断题。根据…his sons were all made to join the army 这里用了 made 说明his sons 并不是自愿去的，因此应该选 D。

6、阅读C-5题干中Passage Two材料，完成本题。

C-6. The villagers didn’t give the old man any food because _______. 

A、they weren’t kind-hearted

B、his sons were in the army

C、they were also hungry

D、they hated him

标准答案：C学生答案：C

答案解析：细节理解题。根据第3段第1句 …but the villagers were all poor and couldn’t give him anything 可知答案为 C。

7、阅读C-5题干中Passage Two材料，完成本题。

C-7. Which of the following is true? 

A、The old policeman would send the old man into prison.

B、The old policeman hated Hitler, too.

C、The old policeman thought Hitler was better than pigs.

D、The old man found a friend at the police station.

标准答案：B学生答案：B

答案解析：推理判断题。根据 Then he said “Don’t say so in our village, sir!” 和 the policeman 后面讲的话可知，他也不喜欢希特勒，因此选 B。

8、阅读C-5题干中Passage Two材料，完成本题。

C-8. The policeman thought _______. 

A、Hitler was more foolish than pigs

B、the old man insulted(侮辱) their hometown

C、the old man had to say sorry to him

D、the old man had to fight with Hitler

标准答案：A学生答案：A

答案解析：推理判断题。根据文章内容，the old man 说 I don’t know it’s Hitler’s home town，而 the policeman 急忙说 No, no, sir…It’s pigs’ hometown! 据此可知，the policeman 认为 Hitler 连一头猪都不如。因此选A。

9、阅读Passage Three,回答C-9到C-12四个问题。请从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入题干空白处的最佳选项。

Passage Three

           I recently heard a story about a famous research scientist who had made several very  important medical achievements. A newspaper reporter interviewed him why he was able to be so much more creative than the average person. What set him so far apart from others?

          He responded that it all came from an experience with his mother that occurred when he was about two years old. He had been trying to remove a bottle of milk from the refrigerator when he dropped the slippery bottle, spilling its contents all over the kitchen floor—a real sea of milk!

           When his mother came into the kitchen，instead of shouting at him, giving him a lecture or punishing him, she said, “Robert, what a great and wonderful mess you have made! I have rarely seen such a huge pool of milk. Well, the damage has already been done. Would you like to get down and play in the milk for a few minutes before we clean it up?”

           Indeed, the boy did. After a few minutes, his mother said, “You know, Robert, whenever you make a mess like this, eventually you have to clean it up and restore everything to its proper order. How would you like to do that? We could use a sponge(海绵), a towel or a mop. Which do you prefer?” He chose the sponge and together they cleaned up the spilled milk.

           His mother then said, “You know，what we have here is a failed experiment in how to effectively carry a big milk bottle with two tiny hands. Let’s go out in the back yard and fill the bottle with water and see if you can find a way to carry it without dropping it. ”The little boy learned that if he grasped the bottle at the top near the lip with both hands, he could make it. What a wonderful lesson!

         This famous scientist then said that it was at that moment that he knew he didn’t need to be afraid to make mistakes.

C-9．When the mother found the kitchen floor covered with milk, she ________.

A、gave the boy a lecture instead of shouting at him

B、praised the boy instead of punishing him

C、felt satisfied with the boy’s trying to help himself

D、calmed down the boy and helped him find a way to clean the floor

标准答案：D学生答案：D

答案解析：事实细节题。由第三、四、五段的内容可知，妈妈看到牛奶洒了一地后，首先安慰那个男孩让他镇定下来，然后帮助他找到清洁地板的方法并找到最终解决怎样用一双小手拿稳瓶子的方法，故选D。

10、阅读C-9题干中Passage Three材料，完成本题。

C-10．The child’s experience resulted in the following BUT ________.

A、offering the boy a chance to grasp the bottle

B、benefiting the boy all his life

C、helping the boy be more creative

D、making the boy realize the mistake is of value

标准答案：A学生答案：A

答案解析：推理判断题。由第一段和第二段可知当这位富有创造性的科学家被采访到他为何富有创造性时，他说起两岁时的一次经历可以推断出这件事启迪了他的创造性同时也使他终生受益可知B、C正确；由尾段可推知他通过这次经历意识到了错误的价值，故只有A项不是那次经历导致的结果，故答案选A。

11、阅读C-9题干中Passage Three材料，完成本题。

C-11．According to the passage, the way the scientist’s mother used is _____.

A、instructive

B、strict

C、formal   

D、strange

标准答案：A学生答案：A

答案解析：推理判断题。通读文章可知妈妈的方法具有教育性、启发性和指导意义。故选A。

12、阅读C-9题干中Passage Three材料，完成本题。

C-12．The purpose of the passage is to show ________.

A、a usual way to cultivate a child

B、a scientist’s medical achievements

C、a mother’s wise way of helping her child

D、the advantages of making mistakes

标准答案：C学生答案：C

答案解析：推理判断题。总览文章可知作者的目的和意图是展示妈妈帮助孩子的明智的方法，故选C。

13、阅读Passage Four,回答C-13到C-16四个问题。请从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入题干空白处的最佳选项。

Passage Four

           Americans are getting ready for the biggest soccer event in the world. For the first time the world cup soccer competition will be held in the United States. While millions play the game around the world, soccer or football has only recently become popular here. It is only in the last 30 years that large numbers of young Americans became interested in soccer. Now it is the fastest growing sport in the country. A recent study found that almost 18 million young boys and girls play soccer in the United States.

         The study also found that soccer is beginning to replace more traditional games like American football as the most popular sport among students. And so, when the world cup begins next week, more than one million Americans are expected to go and see the teams play. Organizers say this year’s world cup will be the biggest ever. All the seats at most of the 52 games have already been sold.

        Soccer has been played in the United States for a little more than one hundred years. But how did the sport come to this country? And how long has it existed in other parts of the world? No one knows exactly where the idea for soccer came from, or when people began playing the game. Some scientists say there is evidence that ball games using the feet were played thousands of years ago. There is evidence that ancient Greeks and Romans and native American Indians all played games similar to soccer.

         Most experts agree that Britain is the birthplace of modem soccer. They also agree that the British spread the game around the world. Unlike the game today, which uses balls of man-made material or leather, early soccer balls were often made of animal stomachs. The rules of early soccer games also differed from those we have today.

C-13. Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the text?

A、Americans were preparing for the world cup when the author wrote this article.

B、More younger Americans became interested in soccer in the last 30 years.

C、Soccer is the fastest developing sport in the world.

D、The article was written before the world cup held in the United States.

标准答案：C学生答案：C

14、阅读C-13题干中Passage Four材料，完成本题。

C-14. Which was the most popular sport as a traditional game among students?

A、Basketball

B、American football

C、Soccer

D、Tennis

标准答案：B学生答案：B

15、阅读C-13题干中Passage Four材料，完成本题。

C-15. For how long has soccer been played in the United States?

A、About a hundred years.

B、About fifty years.

C、Only recently.

D、About thirty years.

标准答案：A学生答案：A

16、阅读C-13题干中Passage Four材料，完成本题。

C-16. What is the author going to state in the next paragraph?

A、There have been attempts to start a professional soccer organization in the U. S..

B、In the 12th century soccer games in Britain often involved whole towns.

C、Professional soccer grew quickly in Europe.

D、Experts believed that the United States would win.

标准答案：B学生答案：B

17、阅读Passage Five,回答C-17到C-20四个问题。请从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入题干空白处的最佳选项。

Passage Five

         The cohesiveness（内聚力） of a family seems to rely on members sharing certain routine practices and events. For a growing share of the American labor force, however，working shifts beyond the normal daylight hours—what we here call “shift work”—makes the lives of families difficult.

         Existing research shows that both male and female shift workers express high levels of stress and a sense of conflict between the demands of work and family life. But shift work couples still maintain a traditional attitude to the meaning of marriage and the individual roles of husband and wife. They expressed a willingness to do “whatever it takes” to approximate their view of a proper marriage, including sacrificing sleep and doing conventional things at unconventional hours. For the majority of couples interviewed, even when wives worked outside their homes, a proper marriage is characterized by a very clear division of roles: husbands are “providers” whose major responsibility is to support the family; wives are “homemakers” who clean, cook, and care for husbands and children.

          I expect him to be a good provider and there when I need him, loyal about the same things as he would expect out of me, expect that I expect him to dominate over me. But in a manner of speaking. when it’s time to be a man I expect him to stand up instead of sitting back expecting me to do everything.

          To husbands, a good wife is someone who is:

          Understanding of what I feel go through at work ,I need that respect at work, I hope I get it at work. I want my wife to realize what I expect at work. I don’t want her to give me a lot of shit when I come home from work because I don’t know if this makes much sense.

         These views seemed critical to maintain the families of the shift workers.

C-17. Despite ______, shift work couples still hoped to maintain a stable life.

A、traditional beliefs about marriage

B、lack of control over time

C、a very clear division of roles

D、the demands of work workers were NOT satisfied with

标准答案：B学生答案：B

18、阅读C-17题干中Passage Five材料，完成本题。

C-18. From the selection, we can conclude that female shift workers were NOT satisfied with ______.

A、their work

B、 their children

C、their husbands’ inability to protect the family and provide companionship

D、leisure activities

标准答案：C学生答案：C

19、阅读C-17题干中Passage Five材料，完成本题。

C-19. What is implied by the author?

A、Shift work had a direct effect on the attitudes and behavior of family members.

B、Shift workers could live a normal life.

C、Shift work couples had unconventional ideas about marriage.

D、Female shift workers were satisfied with the time spent together with their families.

标准答案：A学生答案：A

阅读C-17题干中Passage Five材料，完成本题。

C-20. In order to continue the marriages of the shift workers, ______.

A、wives must learn to care for the children when their husbands are absent

B、shift work couples must administer their time and activities

C、wives mustn’t adapt their own feelings of boredom to their husbands’ work

D、all of these

标准答案：D学生答案：D

江苏开放大学大学英语B2，形成性考核作业3写作题

C-21— 阅读China by Numbers，也可点击链接http://chinaplus.cri.cn/zt/China-by-Numbers/index.html阅读。材料从14个方面，用数字记录我国自建党以来，百年间的迅猛发展成绩，请同学阅读后，按照以下要求用英文完成不少于350字的写作。

1. 简单概述阅读材料内容；

2. 运用举例法，描述几件切身体会到的祖国发展的事件；

3. 作为中国人对国家发展的深切感悟。

请不要使用附件或者图片形式提交！！！

请不要使用附件或者图片形式提交！！！

请不要使用附件或者图片形式提交！！！

                         China by Numbers

Data shows just how far China has come since the founding of the Communist Party of China 100 years ago.

China by Numbers Ep.01: Economy

From an economy dependent on agriculture to one that thrives on industry and trade, China’s economic landscape has undergone great changes, in many ways due to significant shifts in policy.

Back in 1921, China’s customs revenue stood at no more than a hundred million silver dollars.

Three years after the founding of the People’s Republic of China, the nation’s GDP stood at only 68 billion yuan.

In 2000, China overtook Italy as the sixth largest economy in the world.

In 2010, it overtook Japan to become the world’s second largest economy.

Last year, despite the pandemic, China was the only major economy to register a positive growth. And its GDP per capita reached over ten-thousand US dollars – more than 600 times the nominal value in 1952.

The OECD predicts, this year, China will contribute one third of world economic growth. And it’s expected to make even more progress when the world recovers from the pandemic.

China by Numbers Ep.02: Industrial development

China was the only country to have a presence in all the categories of the United Nations industry classification system.

But it wasn’t always like this. In 1933, modern manufacturing accounted for only 2.5 percent of the GDP.

When the People’s Republic of China was founded in 1949, the country was only able to produce some basic consumer goods. The making of industrial products like tractors, cars and planes was out of the question.

The government vowed to restore its industries through a special five-year plan starting from 1953 and its industrial output grew steadily as a result.

In 1978, the industrial output increased 16-fold on 1952. And that was just a flavor of China’s potential.

By 2010, China has surpassed the United States to become the world’s largest manufacturing hub.

China’s industrial development has become more capital-and technology-oriented. It’s adopting an innovation-driven strategy and is taking the lead globally with new industrial products such as new energy cars and industrial robots.

China by Numbers Ep.03: Car ownership

In 1937, the number of passenger cars across the country was 24-thousand, a huge gap compared to other countries at the time.

When the People’s Republic of China was founded in 1949, the number of passenger cars was just 50-thousand.

It was not until 1958, when China’s first domestically-developed sedan rolled off the production line. The first auto-making joint venture, between China and American Motors Corporation, was established in 1984.

With the beginning of the 21st century, China’s automotive industry saw a decade of rapid development. China produced 2 million vehicles in 2000, ranking 8th in the world.

In 2019, the annual car production reached over 25 million, two times that of the US.

The scale of China’s car market grew from 2 million in 2000 to 13 million in 2009, making China’s auto market the largest in the world.

In 2020, China’s car market accounted for over 30-percent of the global market. And China has been the largest single market for many global brands.

China by Numbers Ep.04: Urbanization

When the Communist Party of China was founded in 1921, most of China’s population lived in rural areas.

When the People’s Republic of China was founded in 1949, only one in ten people lived in cities. That was about 58 million people.

Over the next three decades, this trend started to change, as more and more people moved to urban areas.

A milestone was reached in 2011, when China’s urban population surpassed its rural population.

By 2019, it had passed 60-percent, with nearly 850 million people living and working in cities — more than the total populations of the US, Indonesia and Brazil combined.

China’s urbanization drive has been a key factor in its development over the past decades. By 2017, mega-cities were generating over 2 trillion yuan in GDP a year. And prefecture-level cities generated nearly two thirds of national GDP the same year.

China by Numbers Ep.05: Rural work

China is now able to feed 20-percent of the world’s population with only 9-percent of the world’s arable land. But it’s not been an easy journey.

Agricultural production was extremely cut down before the founding of the People’s Republic of China in 1949 due to years of war and natural disasters.

Since 1979, China has intensified agricultural reforms. The grain output in 2020 was nearly 6 times more compared to 1949.

The per capita output in 2021 is also far more than the UN food safety standard. In 2021, China declared a complete victory in its poverty alleviation campaign.

Since 1978, more than 770-million people have been lifted out of poverty. This accounts for more than 70-percent of the global total over the same period according to the World Bank’s international poverty standard. People’s living conditions in poverty-stricken areas have been largely improved.

China by Numbers Ep.06: Transport

In the early 20th century, transportation was one of the weaker aspects of China’s economy.

In 1936, the total length of railways in the United States was 30 times that of China.

When the People’s Republic of China was founded in 1949, the total length of its railway network in operation was just under 22-thousand kilometers.

By 2018, the increase on 1949 was five-fold.

However, Chinese rail made a significant breakthrough in 2008 when it opened its first high-speed line.

The network has slowly grown to cover nearly all major cities — with its total length in 2018 at 29-thousand kilometers. To put that into context — it’s 60-percent of the world’s total. And the government is looking to build on it further.

By 2035, China’s entire rail network is expected to reach 200-thousand kilometers with the high-speed network doubling to 70-thousand kilometers.

China by Numbers Ep.07: Trade

Over the past 100 years, a growing number of countries have shown interest in the Chinese market and goods.

Compared with 100 years ago, the number of China’s trade partners has grown to over 230.

In recent years, the EU, the US, ASEAN and Japan have been China’s main trade partners.

China has become the largest trading partner for over 120 countries and blocs.

Since reform and opening up began in 1978, China has become a major economic powerhouse on the world stage.

In 2001, the country joined the World Trade Organization, embracing a growing trend towards globalization and a multilateral trade order.

Over the decades, its annual trade volume has increased significantly. By 2013, China had overtaken the US as the world’s largest trader in goods. In 2019, China’s trade volume exceeded 4.8 trillion US dollars. And it also represents a more than 5,300-fold increase from a century ago.

China by Numbers Ep.08: Investment

China’s foreign direct investment and outward FDI policies have evolved alongside economic development over the past 100 years.

From the 1930s to 1970s, foreign direct investment in China was very limited. Only a small number of foreign-owned companies operated in China.

China’s actual use of FDI has increased 60-fold since 1983, to 163 billion US dollars in 2020, surpassing the U.S. to become the largest recipient of Foreign Direct Investment globally.

The country has also made great progress in optimizing its business environment and stimulating market vitality through improving its laws, regulations and practices affecting foreign companies.

China ranked 31st in the world for ease of doing business in 2020. And as China rapidly integrates with the global economy, its outward FDI has picked up, which jumped from 26 billion dollars in 2002 to over 196 billion dollars in 2016.

China by Numbers Ep.09: Currencies

One hundred years ago when the concept of foreign exchange reserve was first introduced in the world, China was suffering from heavy foreign debts as it was forced to pay under a number of unequal treaties imposed by major colonial powers.

By the time the People’s Republic of China was founded in 1949, the country’s foreign reserve was at an all-time low.

By the 1990s, a slew of economic reform initiatives triggered a steadier accumulation of foreign reserves, which skyrocketed when China joined the World Trade Organization in 2001.

By 2009, China’s foreign reserves accounted for about a third of the world’s total. It has maintained the world’s largest foreign exchange reserves for 15 consecutive years, primarily staying above 3-trillion dollars.

Meanwhile, the Chinese yuan is making deeper inroads as a currency of choice for cross-border payments.

China by Numbers Ep.10: Environmental protection

Over the centuries, wars, fires and excessive tree-cutting reduced China’s forest cover to around 8-percent by the first half of 20th century.

After the People’s Republic of China was founded in 1949, efforts were made to protect and restore forest resources, but progress was uneven.

Forest cover in China has been increasing now for four decades.

Globally, tree cover in 2019 was up by five percent from the early 2000s, an area equivalent to all of the Amazon rainforests. Over 25-percent of the gain was attributed to China.

China is now determined to accelerate green development. China’s new Five Year Plan aims to achieve green development, with peak carbon emissions by 2030 and carbon neutrality by 2060.

Achieving carbon neutrality includes reduction in emissions and planting trees. Although China’s emissions continue to rise, carbon intensity per unit of GDP had fallen by 48-percent in the 15 years up to the end of 2019.

China by Numbers Ep.11: Sci-tech innovation

When the People’s Republic of China was founded in 1949, the country only had around 50-thousand technological personnel. And only one tenth of them specialized in scientific research.

But China began to catch up fast.

In 1970, China launched its first space satellite Dongfanghong I, 13 years after the Soviet Union’s Sputnik 1.

In 2003, China became the third nation to send an astronaut into space, after Russia and the U.S.

In 2019, it achieved a milestone in lunar exploration, completing the world’s first-ever soft landing on the far side of the moon with its Chang’e-4 mission. And its home-grown Mars probe Tianwen-1 is aiming to have an all-round study of the Red Planet’s geography after being launched in July 2020.

Since 2013, China has been the world’s second largest investor in research and development spending. Also China has the world’s largest 5-G network, with over 700-thousand stations, accounting for around 70-percent of the global total.

China by Numbers Ep.12: Healthcare

China has made strides in public health over the past decades.

In 1850, average life expectancy was just 32.

In 1949, the year of the founding of the People’s Republic of China, average life expectancy was 35.

It rose to 66 when the country began reforms and opening up in 1978.

In 2019, it reached nearly 77, significantly higher than the world average of 72, making it one of the fastest-ascending countries.

In 1949, there were just 3,670 medical and health institutions nationwide, with only 30-thousand beds.

And at the end of 2018, there were nearly 1 million medical institutions nationwide, 270 times the number in 1949.

Health insurance has also expanded, with over 95-percent of the population or more than 1.3 billion people covered.

In 2016, The Lancet medical journal ranked China 48th for healthcare access, but rising fast, putting it among the top 5 countries in the world with the strongest medical improvement.

China by Numbers Ep.13: Education

Over the past 100 years, China has made significant progress in the education sector.

In 1921, the government spent only one percent of its fiscal expenditure on education.

The situation began to improve significantly in 1995, when the Education Law stipulated that educational spending should grow at a faster pace than the local governments’ regular income.

In 2012, educational spending was 4% of GDP and has grown ever since.

In 2019, public spending on education reached a record of over 4 trillion yuan. And the immense efforts paid off – China has almost wiped out illiteracy over the past century.

In 1921, the illiteracy rate was nearly 90 percent, but the number dropped to less than 4 percent in 2020.

In just over 20 years, China achieved universal coverage in nine-year compulsory education – a goal that took some western countries nearly a century to attain.

China by Numbers Ep.14: Sports

With the 2022 Winter Olympics just months away, the Chinese capital Beijing is set to be the first city to hold both a Summer and Winter Games.

Just a hundred years ago, when the Communist Party of China was founded in 1921, this achievement was not even a possibility.

The Chinese delegation didn’t attend the Olympics until a decade after making its debut at the 1932 Summer Games in Los Angeles.

China won its first gold medal when Xu Haifeng brought home the prize in 1984 for shooting.

By 2018, Chinese athletes won over 34-hundred international competitions, including world cups and world championships, setting world records over a thousand times.

Meanwhile, with the help of technology, people are also taking up exercise at home. The number of people using fitness apps has grown nearly 16 times in 6 years, reaching 165 million in 2019.

The health and fitness of the people is still one of China’s major development goals.

学生答案：

In 2010, China’s GDP surpassed Japan for the first time and became the world’s second largest economy. The Wall Street Journal of the United States described this historic moment as “the end of an era”. Realizing modernization has been the long cherished wish of the Chinese people since modern times. The CPC has always led the people of all ethnic groups in the country to advance towards the grand goal of realizing modernization.

Major strategic achievements have been made in the nationwide anti epidemic struggle. In the face of the sudden COVID-19 epidemic, with firm courage and perseverance, we led the people of all ethnic groups in the country to quickly launch the people’s war, the general offensive war and the closure war for epidemic prevention and control.

Looking back, we are filled with emotion. Under the wise and correct guidance of the CPC, we are singing the story of spring and crossing the new century with our heads held high. At this moment, however, I just want to recite a poem for our great Communist Party: Who are you for whom the ice and snow disaster happened? You turned into a bonfire, melted the ice and snow, warmed the people, and long lost the drought. You turned into rain and dew, watered the land, moistened the heart, and flooded the flood. You turned into a sea ship, so that the victims could reach the other side safely. You are the party, you are the people, and you in my heart let us pay tribute to you!