2024年秋江苏开放大学大学英语D第一次作业答案

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一、2024年秋江苏开放大学大学英语D第一次作业单选题答案

1、阅读理解一（对应以下1-1至1-5）

       Rae and Bruce Hostetler not only work very hard,they also relax just as well.Numerous vacations help  the couple to maintain their health and emotional wellbeingand it’s no surprise to health care professionals.

    “Rest,relaxation,and  stress  reduction are very  important for people’s wellbeing and health. This can be accomplished through daily activities,such as exercise and meditation,but vacation is an important part of this as well,” said primary care physician Natasha Withers from One Medical Group in New York. Withers lists a decreased risk of heart disease and improved reaction time as some of the benefits from taking some time off.“We also know that the mind is very powerful and can help with healing,so a rested,relaxed mind is able to help the body heal better,” said Withers.

      Psychologists confirm the value of vacations for the mind.“The impact that taking a vacation has on one’s mental health is great,” said Francine Lederer,a clinical psychologist in Los Angeles who specializes in stress and relationship management.“Most people have better life perspective and are more motivated to achieve their goals after a vacation,even if it is a 24hour timeout.” The trips could be good for their health,good for their family and good for their businesses.

      The online travel agency Expedia conducted a survey about vacation time in 2010,and according to their data the average American earned 18 vacation days—but only used 14 of them. France topped the list,with the average worker earning 37 vacation days and using all but two of them. Americans’ responses may not be surprising in a culture where long hours on the job often are valued,but that’s not always good for the individual,the family or the employer.

     Psychologists have also found that people who don’t take enough time to relax may find it harder to relax in the future.“Without time and opportunity to do this,the nerve connections that produce feelings of calm and peacefulness become weaker,making it actually more difficult to shift into lessstressed states,” Mulhern said.

1-1 How did the author introduce the topic of the text?

A、By making comparisons.

B、By giving an example.

C、By raising questions

D、By providing data.

学生答案：B

2、1-2 According to Natasha Withers，vacations can________.

A、weaken reaction system

B、cure serious diseases

C、reduce the level of wellbeing

D、decrease the risk of heart disease

学生答案：D

3、1-3 Expedia’s survey shows that Americans________.

A、dislike family gatherings

B、have the shortest vacation

C、enjoy as many vacations as the French

D、think much of spending long hours on the job

学生答案：D

4、1-4 What can be inferred from the last paragraph?

A、One should never wait to relax.

B、Work and rest go against each other.

C、Time and opportunity wait for no man.

D、A relaxed mind determines everything.

学生答案：A

5、1-5 What is mainly talked about in the text?

A、Ways to relax in one’s free time.

B、The benefits of taking time off.

C、Different opinions on holidays.

D、The Hostetlers always on the go.

学生答案：B

6、阅读理解二（对应以下2-1至2-5）

      When you tidy your messy bedroom,it gets a lot easier to find things. Dreams may work the same way for a messy brain,helping you learn by organizing memories and ideas.

      To test how much dreams can help learning,Robert Stick gold had some students play a shapefitting game called Tetris (俄罗斯方块) for a few hours and then go to sleep.Soon they were dreaming of falling Tetris shapes. Interestingly,the worst Tetris players had the most Tetris dreams and improved their game the most. Similar tests have shown the same results for all kinds of skills.

       As we dream,many important tasks are getting done. The brain decides what to keep and what to forget. It is connecting new experiences to older learning. In fact,the brain is learning all night long.

        Another important task of dreams may be to help us deal with emotions (情绪).At night,emotions are in the driver’s seat. People who have had an upsetting experience often dream about it afterward. Often the dream event changes somehow—another way the brain tries to make the memory less upset. So if your best friend moves away,you might dream that you’re the one who’s moving. In fact,dreams have a proven power to improve mood,and people who dream about what’s bothering them usually feel better sooner than those who don’t.

       Everybody dreams for a couple of hours every night—in the course of your life,you’ll spend about 25 years asleep and 6 years dreaming. There’s probably no single answer to the question why we dream,but there doesn’t have to be. One dream might help you remember your math facts, while another might lead to a new invention,or give you a fun,crazy story to tell your friends. It’s all in a night’s work for our busy,mysterious brains.

2-1 Robert Stickgold’s test shows that_____.

A、games are useful for memory

B、dreams can help improve skills

C、players stop learning in dreams

D、tasks can only be settled through dreams

学生答案：B

7、2-2 We can learn from Paragraph 4 that________.

A、dreams can get rid of sufferings

B、only drivers can deal with emotions

C、one may be less upset after a dream

D、dreams can copy what one experienced

学生答案：C

8、2-3 Which of the following does the author probably agree with?

A、Dreaming does harm to one’s mood.

B、Dreaming affects the quality of sleep.

C、It’s hard to find out the secrets of dreaming.

D、It’s not so important to know the cause of dreaming.

学生答案：D

9、2-4 What does the text focus on?

A、Dreams and memories.　

B、Dreams and emotions.

C、The benefits of dreams.

D、The patterns of dreams.

学生答案：C

10、2-5 In which part of a magazine can this text be found?

A、Entertainment.

B、Tourism.

C、Science.

D、Advertisement.

学生答案：C

11、阅读理解三（对应以下3-1至3-5）

       “Oh,you must have been a spoiled (宠坏的) kid. You must be really bossy. I wonder what you’re going to be like to deal with?” That’s often the response Angela Hult  gets when people find out she’s an only child,she told ABC News. Despite such negative (消极的) remarks,Hult has decided to have only one child herself. And she’s not alone.

         According to the US’ Office for National Statistics,women approaching the end of their childbearing years had an average of 1.9 children in 2004,compared with 3.1 for their counterparts in 1976.The percentage of onechild families in Britain had risen from 18 percent in 1972 to 26 percent in 2007.

         But even though only children are becoming increasingly common,the traditional view that they’re selfish,spoiled and lack social skills holds strong. Even parents of only children,like Hult,are made to feel guilty about having only one child. Worried that they’re being selfish and endangering their child’s future,they flock to online discussion forums seeking advice. Soon,however,they ask themselves:is this social prejudice really reasonable?

         “There have been hundreds and hundreds of research studies that show that only children are no different from their peers (同龄人),” Susan Newman,a social psychologist at Rutgers University in the US,told ABC News.

This raises another question:why are only children still viewed with such suspicion?

        “There is a belief that’s been around probably since humans first existed that to have just one child is somehow dangerous,both for you and for the continuation of your race,” Toni Falbo,a professor of educational psychology,told the Guardian.“In the past a lot of children died.You’d have had to be crazy to only have one.”

        Times,of course,have changed and infant mortality (婴儿死亡率) has largely reduced.So what do only children themselves say?

         Kayley Kravitz,a blogger for The Huffington Post,grew up as an only child and highly recommends the experience.“Being an only child taught me the most valuable skill of all:the ability to be alone,” she said.

3-1 Which of the following could be the best title for the text?

A、Are only children lonely?

B、Are only children common?

C、Are only children dangerous?

D、Are only children different?

学生答案：D

12、3-2 What does Susan Newman mean?

A、Only children are as good as their peers.

B、Only children are more selfish and spoiled.

C、Parents feel guilty about having only one child.

D、Parents will endanger their only child’s future.

学生答案：A

13、3-3 What is the common belief since human existed?

A、The infant death rate always stays high.

B、People are crazy to have only one child.

C、It’s easy for only children to earn their living.

D、It’s hard to continue the family line with only one child.

学生答案：D

14、3-4 An only child like Kayley________.

A、must be difficult to persuade

B、can possibly learn to be alone

C、should value special skills

D、need ignore bad experience

学生答案：B

15、3-5 What’s the author’s attitude towards having only one child?

A、Neutral.

B、Negative.

C、Positive

D、Doubtful.