注意：因为学习平台题目是随机，选择题选项也是随机，一定注意答案对应的选项，同学们在本页按“Ctrl+F”快捷搜索题目中“关键字”就可以快速定位题目，还是不懂的话可以看这个：快速答题技巧
本复习题库含单选题125道，阅读理解题10篇，综合题5篇，填空题10篇，写作题10篇，参考答案在文档最后几页（注意：虽然是题库并不是所有题都在这里面）
一、词汇与结构（单选题）
1. —— May I use your car for a moment?
A.You’re right.
B. It doesn’tmatter.
C. By all means.
D. I have no idea.
2. —— I wish you success in your career.
A.OK, please.
B. You are welcome.
C. I think so.
D. The same to you.
3.—— I’m taking my driving test tomorrow.
A. Congratulations
B. Goodluck
C. Come on
D. Cheers
4. —— It’s been a wonderful evening. Thankyou very much.
A. It’s OK.
B. I’m glad to hear that.
C. No, thanks.
D. My pleasure.
5. In human friendship an important is “forgive and forget” .
A. principal B. primary C. principle D.chiefly
6. Even though he has lived in China for many years, Mark still cannot himself to the Chinese customs.
A.adopt B.adjust C.adapt D.accept
7. He tried to with the manager for his salary.
A.evaluate B.object C.bargain D.pause
8.To some , Mary still does not understand this unit. But she herself does not believe so.
A.extend B.part C.extent D.content
9.Great Britain and France will hold a regarding some European economic problems.
A.conference B.reference C.conversion D.cooperation
10.Since he often travels on business, he can himself to sleeping in anyplace he can find.
A.make B.accustom C.force D.let
11.—— Hi, is Nancy there, please?
A. Hold on. I’ll get her. B. Yes, what do you want?
C. Yes, she lives here. D. Noway, she isn’there.
12.—— May I take your order now?
A. No, I don’t like it. B. Yes, I’d like steamed fish.
C. Yes, we take orders. D. No, I don’t have an order.
13.—— Congratulations! You won the first prize in today’s English speech contest.
A. Thankyou. B. No, I didn’t do it well.
C. Yes, I beat the others. D. It’s apleasure.
14. The doctor tried to do some experiments to find out the of the medicine.
A. Cause B. response C. reason D. effect
15. For the sake of his mother’s health, he decided to move to a warmer .
A. weather B. temperature C. season D. climate
16. He has much time and energy for his invention.
A.contained B.proceeded C.consumed D.paid
17.A good teacher always tries to students to ask question.
A.encourage B.obey C.recall D.spread
18.If you want to see the chairman of the department, you’d better make an with his secretary first.
A.admission B.agreement C.appointment D.alphabet
19.They say the new film is a(n) picture so they won’t goto see it.
A. internal B.odd C.interesting D.dull
20.The judge the murderer to twenty years in prison.
A.required B.ordered C.indicated D.sentenced
21.Before the final examination, some students have shown of tension.
A. things B. marks C. signs D. remarks
22.The police are trying to find out the of the bank robber.
A. evidence B. identity C. recognition D. identification
23.I can you that the cats are well cared for in our pet store, so you needn’t worry about them.
A. suppose B. assume C. assure D. attempt
24.Would you let to the cinema with my colleagues, Mum?
A. me go B. me going C. I go D. I going
25. After she retired from office, Anna painting for a while, but soon lost interest.
A. took up B. kept up C. save up D. drew up
26.Now the patient can from the wheelchair to the seat with relative freedom.
A. transport B. transplant C.transact D.transfer
27. She is narrow minded and always what other people have.
A. jealous B.owes C.misses D.envies
28.When he woke up from his dream, the frightened boy tried to his mothers arm.
A.grape B.grey C.grip D.grave
29.Mary has never been a ship.
A.abroad B.aboard C.above D.absorb
30.The modern camera lens maybe coated with more than ten for each piece of its glass.
A. levels B.stories C.layers D.formations
31.I have been looking forward to from my old friends.
A. hear B.be heard C.hearing D.being heard
32.—— Take these medicines three times a day, Peter?
—— Do I have to take them? They so terrible.
A. are tasting B. are tasted C. taste D. have tasted
33.One of the best ways for people to keep fit is to healthy eating habits.
A. raise B. develop C. grow D. increase
34.The old houses are being pulled down to a new office building. A. make room for B. take the place of
C. supply with D. make use of
35.The scientists are trying to find out the facts to their theory.
A. support B. carry C. design D. oppose
36. The thief was by the police at the railway station.
A.carpet B.mined C.captured D.mounted
37.In fact, there is no liberty in any country.
A.adequate B.absolute C.private D.practical
38.There is too much noise outside.I cannot my attention on my work.
A.connect
B.flat
C.fill
D.concentrate
39.While studying at U.C.L.A.,Mr.Wang his old friend, whom he has not seen for nearly twenty years.
A.encountered B.whispered C.swung D.maid
40.The production of engines in our factory has doubled this year.
A.manual B.annual C.amount D.alike
41.It is certain that he will his business to his only daughter when he getsold.
A. go over B. think over C. hand over D.takeover
42.You should take the medicine now. It will you pain in your stomach.
A. remind B. release C. relive D. relieve
43.He is very to call me tonight. I can sense that.
A. liable B. possible C. likely D. likeable
44.—— What will you buy for your mother’sbirthday?
—— I want to buy a wallet for him.
A. small leather red B. small red leather
C. red small leather D. red leather small
45. A solid is different from a liquid the solid has definite shape.
A. in that B. in which C. in what D. of that
46.Recently I bought a jade bracelet, was very reasonable.
A. which price B. the price of which
C. the price of that D.its price
47.Now that she is out of a job, Lucy going back to school, but she hasn’t decided yet.
A. had considered B. has been considering
C. considered D.is going to consider
48. Children under eighteen are not permitted to see such kind of books bad for their mental development.
A. that is B. that are C. as is D.as are
49. Mrs. Green became a teacher in 2000. She will for twenty years by next summer. A. teach B. taught
C. be teaching D.have been teaching
50. After living in Paris for fifty years he returned to the small town he grew up as a child.
A. which B. that C. where D. when
51.The Foreign Minister made an excellent on the current international situation.
A.committee B.command C.comment D.commission
52.They cattle mainly for the international market.
A.carpenter B.district C.ox D.breed
53.He went to the dance last night but couldn’t find a because of his strange clothes.
A.pond B.saddle C.partner D.salad
54.Her father will never of her going to study in the United States alone.
A.prove B.agree C.admit D.approve
55.I wish I could you somehow for your kindness.
A.straw B.issue C.reward D.own
56.The company has decided to donate funds to charities, helps to promote its image.
A. that B. who C. what D. which
57.Most people were greatly shocked by the news the famous company had gone bankrupt.
A. what B. that C. why D. which
58. salaries may not be satisfactory, working as an assistant does have some other benefits.
A. Unless B. While C. As D. Since
59.You need to consider either a paid or volunteer bridge job while full-time work.
A. seek B. seeks C. sought D. seeking
60. Important people don’t often have much free time as their work all their time.
A. takes away B. takes over C.takes up D. takes in
61.The reason she accepted our suggestion is that she believes inus.
A. that B. which C. why D. as
62.This is only one of the laundries in the district modern equipment.
A. which has B. which have C. that has D. that have
63. —— Don’t you feel surprised to see Susie at the party?
—— Yes. I really didn’t think she here.
A. has been B. had been
C. would be D.would have been
64.He is one of the boys who here on time. He is the only one of the boys who here on time.
A. has come; have come B. have come; has come
C. has come; has come D. have come; have come
65.The program to help students prepare for their first year at our college.
A. is designed B. designed
C. designs D.has designed
66. The young people made a new to the governor
A.proposal B.submerge C.tendency D.thread
67.In the film we saw last night, the hero his wife to death with his sword.
A.throat B.thrust C.trust D.thread
68.If there is no other way to save a person in atall building on fire, fire fighters may spread a net into which the person can jump.
A.volt B.wrapped C.trapped D.deserted
69. Since 1978, many new have been developed in our university to meet the increasing demands of the students.
A.disciplines B.entrances C.checks D.flames
70.How can we finish the work in the of any other helpers?
A.era B.haste C.spare D.absence
71.The wounded soldiers’ blood the ground red at the front.
A.died B.dumped C.drawed D.dyed
72.There are two governments in this country. But neither of them is regarded as the one by the other.
A.panel B.legal C.purple D.republic
73.The question then : What are we going to do when we graduate from the university?
A.raises B.arouses C.arises D.rises
74.The between the two playing periods of a football game is only a few minutes.
A. internal B.reserve C.interval D.radium
75.The rebuilding plan was to the committee.
A.taped B.admitted C.desired D.submitted
76.It is a truth that man is the only animal that has the power to speak and reason.
A.worthy B.virtual C.universal D.indefinite
77.His speech the young people to continue their study.
A.glanced B.delayed C.inspired D.created
78.The ground around here is mostly and not very good for farming.
A.board B.clay C.kid D.wax
79.Some people say that education is the best for children.
A. investigation B.organization C.investment D.origin
80.Our teacher was by the funny story.
A.naked B.yielded C.amused D.expanded
81.While nuclear weapons present grave dangers, the predominant crisis of overpopulation is with us today.
A. inevitable B.constant C. overwhelming D.potential
82. When we receive the goods you return to us, you a full refund with a week.
A. get B. got C. are getting D. will get
83.The new staff resigned last Monday after to work overtime.
A. be asked B. being asked C. was asked D. is asked
84.The crazy fans patiently for two hours and they would wait till the movie star arrived.
A. were waiting B. had been waiting
C. had waited D. would wait
85. In recent years many football clubs as business to make a profit.
A. have run B. have been run C. run D. had run
86.I’m awfully sorry, but I had no alternative. I simply what I did.
A. ought to have done B. have to do
C. had to do D. must do
87.Ever since the family moved to the suburbs last year, they better health.
A. could have enjoyed B. had enjoyed
C. have been enjoying D. are enjoying
88.I decided to go to the library as soon as I .
A. finish what I did B. finished what I did
C. would finish what I was doing D. finished what I was doing
89. I suppose that when I comeback in ten years ’ time all those old house down.
A. will have been pulled B. will have pulled
C. will be pulling D. will be pulled
90. The gray building is where the workers live, and the white one is where the spare parts .
A. are producing B. are produced
C. produced D. being produced
91.Until then, his family from him for six months.
A. didn’thear B. hasn’tbeen hearing
C. hasn’theard D. hadn’theard
92.The growth of part-time and flexible working patterns, and of training and retraining schemes,
more women to take advantage of employment opportunities.
A. have allowed B. allow
C. allowing D. allows
93.You should have put the milk in the icebox; I expect it undrinkable by now.
A. became B. had become
C. has become D. becomes
94.In this experiment, they are wakened several times during the night and asked to report what they .
A. had just been dreaming B. have just been dreaming
C. are just dreaming D. had just dreamt
95. Most of the artists to the party were from America.
A. invited B. to invite
C. being invited D. had been invited
96. the investigation, the committee published the report on the cause of the accident.
A. Completed B. Having completed
C. Completing D.To have completed
97. a reply, he decided to write again.
A. Not receiving B. Receiving not
C. Not having received D. Having not received
98.The news reporters hurried to the airport, only the famous film stars had left.
A. to tell B. to be told C. telling D. told
99. Reading is an experience quite different from watching TV; there are pictures in your mind instead of before your eyes.
A. to form B. form
C. forming D.having formed
100.One of the difficult tasks of managers is how to engage their employees.
A. to figure out B. figure out
C. figured out D. being figured out
101.It is the ability to do the job matters not where you come from or what you are.
A. this B. that C. what D.it
102. fire, all exits must be kept clear.
A. In case of B. In place of C. Instead of D.In spite of
103.No sooner his job in a small company than he received an offer from a joint venture enterprise.
A. did he quit B. does he quit
C. had he quit D. he had quit
104.Only after his father saw the train disappear in sight the railway station. A. he leaves B. he leaved
C. does he leave D. did he leave
105.Hardly on stage the audience started cheering.
A. he had come / when B. he had come / then
C. had he come / when D. had he come / than
106. I didn’t know your phone number; otherwise I you a call the moment I got to Nanjing.
A. have given B. had given
C. would give D.would have given
107. Had you come five minutes earlier, you the train to Beijing. But now you missed it.
A. would catch B. should catch
C. could catch D.would have caught
108. If Jimmy the real situation, he would have made a different plan.
A. knows B. will know
C. has known D. had known
109. ten minutes earlier, you wouldn’t have missed the train. But you were late.
A. Had you come B. Did you come
C. Have you come D. Should you come
110.I would probably try to find a better job if I in your position.
A. am B. was C. were D. be
111.The doctor’s advice was that the patient at once.
A. operated B. being operated
C. be operated D. operate
112. It’s time we the lecture because it’s time for lunch.
A. will end B. shall end C. end D.ended
113. Look! .
A. Here the bus comes B. Here the bus is coming
C. Here comes the bus D. Here is coming the bus
114. The street were empty the policemen on duty.
A. excepting B. except C. besides D.except for
115. Don’t worry me now, I will repair that bike .
A. by and by B. here and there
C. back and forth D. now and then
116. People may have different opinions about her, but I admire her. , she is a great writer.
A. After all B. As a result C. As a whole D. As usual
116. You object , don’tyou?
A.to they come B. to they coming
C. to their come D. to their coming
117. Given the choice between work and entertainment, Tom would surely prefer the .
A. late B. later C. latter D. last
118. Young people are sharing more information about themselves on social media sites now than they in the past.
A. are B. were C. do D. did
119. My boss refused to give me a pay rise, no matter hard I worked.
A. how B. what C. when D. where
121.Eggs, though rich in nourishment, have fat.
A. a large number of B. the large number of
C. a large amount of D. the large amount of
122. I had to wait for another month to be able to have my air conditioner .
A. fix B. fixing C. to fix D. fixed
123.There is no use . We should solve the problem.
A. argue B. arguing C. argued D. to argue
124.He’d live in Shanghai and Nanjing, but he liked and moved to Suzhou.
A. both B. neither C. either D. none
125. I don’t know the park, but it’s to be quite beautiful.
A. said B. talked C. spoken D. told
二、 阅读理解（单选题）
Text 1
Five-year-old Elia arrived at school with a big box of colored pencils. Her friend, Anna, offered to exchange her set of markers for the brand-new pencils. Elia agreed, but soon discovered that the makers were dried up. “That’s not fair!” cried Elia to her teacher. “I want my new pencils back.” After some tears and negotiation, the teacher helped the girls set things right by returning the items to their original owners.
Later that day, at story time, the teacher shared the picture book classic A Bargain for Frances. Though the conflict in the story is just over a broken tea set, the message about fair play was not lost on the children. The book was helpful in exploring a small, yet significant, life lesson.
Stories are vital to the way we process and experience life events and the feelings that surround us. The ability to create, share, and respond to stories is one of the vital characteristics of being human. In fact, the human brain is programmed to see patterns and become fascinated in the plot development of stories, finally storing them in long-term memory. As a result, the brain is a remarkably effective processor of stories, both real and fictional.
High-quality picture books area good blend of art and literature that attracts kids’ imagination and communicates an idea in an effective way. These books are perfect teaching tools, as they deal with the powerful emotions that kids feel, model effective coping strategies, and present complex concepts in appropriate ways. In addition, according to brain research, the picture book comple- ments words with what leaves the most permanent impression: images. The pictures in books are distinctive from the fleeting images kids see on television in that they remain on the page, ready to be revisited, touched, and commented upon.
Whether we share stories about families, historical events, or emotions, stories are a way to sum up life’s memorable moments and lasting lessons. We can control the power of literature and use it to develop positive character in young kids by reading often, choosing suitable books, and enjoying stories together.
1. Elia cried “That’s not fair!” as she thought that she was .
A. cheated by her friend B.defeated by her friend
C. ignored by her teacher D. scolded by her teacher
2. A Bargain for Frances is intended to teach kids how to .
A. play fair in life B. organize things
C. win in conflicts D. write a message
3. According to the text, stories can help kids .
A. realize their potential B. improve their memory
C. concentrate on reading D. understand the human world 4. In comparison with pictures in books, television images .
A.are frequently commented on
B. stay temporarily with children
C. blend art and literature vividly
D.communicate ideas effectively
5. The power of literature can help kids develop their .
A. positive character B.interest in history
C. passion for stories D.learning strategies
Text 2
We have heard a lot about the health benefits of tea, especially green tea. It is high in polyphenols（多元酚）, compounds with strong antioxidant activity that in test-tube and animal models show anticancer and heart-protective effects. Good clinical studies are few, however, and although physicians tell their patients to drink green tea, there hasn’t been any definite proof of the value of that advice.
A team of Japanese researchers was able to link green tea consumption with decreased mortality from many causes—including heart disease. The researchers tracked 40,530 healthy adults ages 40 to 79 in a region of northeastern Japan where most people drink green tea, following them for up to 11 years. Those who drank five or more cups of green tea a day had significantly lower mortality rates than those who drank less than one cup a day. There were also fewer deaths from cardiovascular disease.
But no such association was seen with deaths from cancer. Nor was consumption of oolong or black tea connected with any decrease in mortality. Those teas are easier to be combined with oxygen in processing, which not only darkens the color of the leaves and changes their flavor but also reduces their polyphenol content.
Coffee is more complicated. It has received both gold stars and black marks in medical literature. It, too, contains antioxidants, although they are less well studied than tea polyphenols. Evidence for the health benefits of coffee is growing, however. A group of investigators from Finland, Italy and the Netherlands reports that coffee seems to protect against age-related decline in mental capacity. The scientists studied 676 healthy men born from 1900 to 1920 and followed them for 10 years, using standardized measures of brain function. Their conclusion: the men who consumed coffee had significantly less decline in mental capacity than those who didn’t. Three cups a day seemed to provide the most protection.
Population studies like those help us form assumptions about relationships between dietary habits and long-term health. We still have to test our suppositions in controlled conditions, and measure the effects of coffee and tea on various systems of the body.
1. Physicians often tell their patients to drink green tea because .
A. its medical value has been proved
B. it is believed to be good for one’s health
C. it has long since been used clinically
D. its effectiveness has been shown in animals
2. The Japanese study seems to have confirmed the positive effect of green tea on . A. young adults B. Asian people
C. patients with cancer D. patients with heart disease 3. The text indicates that black tea differs from green tea in that .
A. it can retain the color of its leaves
B. it can reduce cancer-related deaths
C. it contains less polyphenol content
D. it is stronger in flavor than the latter
4. Coffee is beneficial to one’s health because .
A. it has more antioxidants than green tea
B. it slows down the rate of brain aging
C. it lowers the rate of natural mortality
D.it keeps systems of the body active
5.The text indicates that the relationships between dietary habits and long-term health .
A. are a falsely perceived supposition
B. are a conflicting issue among people
C. deserve further scientific research
D. deserve to be tested on a larger population
Text 3
Passwords are everywhere in computer security. All too often, they are also ineffective. A good password has to be both easy to remember and hard to guess, but in practice people seem to pay
attention to the former. Names of wives, husbands and children are popular. “123456” or “12345” are also common choices.
That predictability lets security researchers (and hackers) create dictionaries which list common passwords, useful to those seeking to break in. But although researchers know that passwords are insecure, working out just how insecure has been difficult. Many studies have only small samples to work on.
However, with the co-operation of Yahoo!, Joseph Bonneau of Cambridge University obtained the biggest sample to date—70 million passwords that came with useful data about their owners.
Mr Bonneau found some interesting variations. Older users had better passwords than young ones. People whose preferred language was Korean or German chose the most secure passwords; those who spoke Indonesian the least. Passwords designed to hide sensitive information such as credit-card numbers were only slightly more secure than those protecting less important things, like access to games. “Nag screens” that told users they had chosen a weak password made virtually no difference. And users whose accounts had been hacked in the past did not make more secure choices than those who had never been hacked.
But it is the broader analysis of the sample that is of most interest to security researchers. For, despite their differences, the 70 million users were still predictable enough that a generic password dictionary was effective against both the entire sample and any slice of it. Mr Bonneau is blunt: “An attacker who can manage ten guesses per account will compromise around 1% of accounts.” And that is aworthwhile outcome for a hacker.
One obvious solution would be for sites to limit the number of guesses that can be made before access is blocked. Yet whereas the biggest sites, such as Google and Microsoft, do take such measures, many do not. The reasons of their not doing so are various. So it’s time for users to consider the alternatives to traditional passwords.
1.People tend to use passwords that are .
A.easy to remember B. hard to figure out
C. random numbers D. popular names
2.Researchers find it difficult to knowhow unsafe passwords are due to . A. lack of research tools B. lack of research funds
C. limited time o f studies D. limited size of samples
3.It is indicated in the text that .
A. Indonesians are sensitive to password security
B. young people tend to have secure passwords
C. nag screens help little in password security
D. passwords for credit cards are usually safe
4.The underlined word “compromise” in Para. 5 most probably means .
A. comprise B. compensate
C. endanger D. encounter
5.The last paragraph of the text suggests that .
A. net users regulate their online behaviors
B. net users rely on themselves for security
C. big websites limit the number of guesses
D. big websites offer users convenient access
Text 4
When you become a parent, much of your focus shifts from your own future to your kids’ fu- ture. But one of the most effective ways to help your children learn to dream big is to ensure that your own dreams don’t get pushed aside by everyday demands.
Our everyday experiences provide learning opportunities. When you tap into them, you create a lifelong learning habit that will always keep you growing. Even your most disappointing experiences can be turned into breakthroughs.
Every dream begins in the imagination. Take a few minutes to sit down with a notebook and think about where you would like to be in 20 years. Write down details about all aspects of your ideal life. Feel free to imagine. Don’t worry about whether you know how to get there now —you have 20 years to figure that out. You can also start by picking a year in the future and making a collection of things you’d like in your life by then. Check in on it from time to time to see where you’ve made progress.
We’re often encouraged to work on our weaknesses, but working on your strengths is easier and creates better results. For help of identifying them, ask some friends, or colleagues to write down what they most appreciate about you. They’ll enjoy doing this, and you’ll feel great when you read the responses. Once you know your strengths, you can put them to work to help you achieve your dreams.
Confidence is the foundation for all your other abilities. “Progress, not perfection” is a great saying to keep your confidence high. Every night, write down five achievements that happened that day. Big or small, it doesn’t matter. If proper, add ideas for further progress and actions you can take to get started.
Find ways to add what you love to do to your life now. This will give you more energy and keep you connected with your bigger dreams. Making a list of old hobbies is a great way to restore your old passions. Things you’re enthusiastic about come with their own store of energy.
Connecting with them can give you a push when you most need it.
1. In order to help your children to dream big you must .
A. fulfill everyday tasks B. build your own career
C. keep your own dreams D. make them look ahead
2. The writer suggests that, to begin your big dream, you should .
A. stretch your imagination
B. have abest-laid plan for 20 years
C. recollect all your likes and dislikes
D. engage yourself in lifelong learning
3. According to the writer, to achieve our dreams, we should .
A. work on our strengths B.develop our creativity
C. identify our weaknesses D.seek advice from friends
4. To keep high confidence, it is important for one to .
A. take appropriate actions B. notice his daily progress
C.try his best in everything D. form new ideas everyday
5. The writer thinks that one can hold fast to his dream by .
A.listing the details of his ideal life
B. improving some of his old hobbies
C. adding new ideas to his old dreams
D. energizing himself with old passions
Text 5
Nisaburo and Hiroko Ohata are unlike most Japanese couples their age. Sure, Hiroko, 58, is worried about her husband’s high blood pressure, while Nisaburo, 60, promises his wife that if she loses 18 pounds they’ll take a trip abroad. What makes the Ohatas different is how they met, through a matchmaking organization for single seniors. “On the second date, he asked if I wanted to meet his family,” says Hiroko. “I took that as a proposal.” A little rushed, perhaps, but 17 years after his wife’s death, Nisaburo knew he’d found a new wife. The couple just celebrated four years of marital happiness last month.
In the past, people like Nisaburo and Hiroko might have chosen to live out their lives alone. But as Japan’s society ages, attitudes about love and remarriage late in life are changing. In 2006, according to government data, three times more men and nearly five times more women in their 60s and 70s married for at least the second time, compared with 20 years before.
Granted, change is slow. For this silver-haired population, the concept of “dating” is still masked by the term ochanomitomodachi (friends having tea together). And older people often need help meeting prospective mates. That’s where specialized matchmaking services such as Ai Senior—“Love Senior” —come in. When Shunichi Ikeda started the online service three years ago, he was surprised by how many visits he was getting from people in their 60s.
Ikeda says that his clients have an “American perspective” about the dating scene. And their children are often very supportive, sometimes being the ones to register parents. “More older people are realizing that life is supposed to be enjoyable— not lonely,” says Ikeda. About 17% of the matchmaking clients in Japan are over 50 years old, according to Ai Senior, and seniors’ market share has more than doubled over the past three years.
“For older, single men, even doing laundry or cooking is difficult,” says Ikeda. “They want to live with a woman. Likewise, it can be boring for women living alone. They want to provide for someone.”
1.According to the writer, the Ohatas are different from most senior Japanese couples in that
_____
A. they remarried with the help of an agency
B. they decided to marry on the second date
C. the husband suffers from a health problem
D. the wife is concerned about losing weight
2. As is implied in the text, Nisaburo’ s proposal on the second date might be considered A.typical of single seniors B. irresponsible to his family
C. a surprise to the woman D. a decision made in haste
3. In Japan, the change in attitudes about remarriage results from an increase in
A. its population B.single women
C. senior people D.the divorced
4. According to Ai Senior, the matchmaking clients in Japan
A. admire the American lifestyle
B. are mostly under 50 years of age
C. share a vague term for “dating”
D. doubled over the past three years
5. According to Ikeda, more single seniors remarry in order to
A. live a longer life
B. solve financial problems
C. make their life enjoyable
D. support their children together
Text 6
You do not usually get something for nothing. Now, a new study reveals that the evolution of an improved learning ability could come at a particularly high price: an earlier death.
Past experiments have demonstrated that it is relatively easy through selective breeding to make rats, honeybees and—that great favourite of researchers—fruit flies a lot better at learning. Animals that are better learners should be competitive and, thus, over time, come to dominate a population by natural selection. But improved learning ability does not get selected amongst these animals in the wild. No one really understands why.
Tadeuse Kawecki and his colleagues at the University of Fribourg in Switzerland have measured the effects of improved learning on the lives of fruit flies. The flies were given two different fruits as egg-laying sites. One of these was laced with a bitter additive that could be detected only on contact. The flies were then given the same fruit but without an additive. Flies that avoided the fruit which had been bitter were deemed to have learned from their experience. Their children were reared and the experiment was run again.
After repeating the experiment for 30 generations, the children of the learned flies were compared with normal flies. The researchers report in a forthcoming edition of Evolution that although learning ability could he bred into a population of fruit flies, it shortened their lives by 15%, When the researchers compared their learned flies to colonies selectively bred to live long lives, they found even greater differences. Whereas learned flies had reduced their life spans, the long-lived flies learned less well than even average flies.
The author suggest that evolving an improved learning ability may require a greater investment in the nervous system which takes resources away from processes that delay ageing. However, Dr. Kawecki think the effect could also be a by-product of greater brain activity increasing the production of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)，which can increase oxidation in the body and damage health.
No one knows whether the phenomenon holds true for other animals. So, biologists, at least,
still have a lot to learn.
1. Past experiments prove selective breeding can make animals better .
A. commanders B. competitors
C. survivors D. learners
2. In this experiment, scientists observed that .
A. some flies avoided the fruit without an addictive
B. some flies preferred the fruit with an addictive
C. the eggs of the flies were not damaged
D. the impact on the flies did not last long
3. The forthcoming report says that .
A.long-lived flies are better at laying eggs
B. long-lived flies are poorer in learning
C. learned flies have a relatively long life
D. learned flies live as long as average ones
4. According to Dr. Kawecki, greater brain activity .
A.reduces oxygen consumption
B. regulates the nervous system
C. speeds up the ageing process
D. stabilizes the ageing process
5. We learn from the text that .
A. the research findings need to be tested further
B. biologists are doing similar research on other animals
C. the animal world usually follows the same universal laws
D. biologists are applying their findings to other areas
Text 7
Sometime in the middle of the 15th century, a well-to-do merchant from London buried more than 6,700 gold and silver coins on a sloping hillside in Surrey. He was fleeing the War of the Roses and planned to return during better times. But he never did. The coins lay undisturbed until one September evening in 1990, when local resident Roger Mintey chanced upon them with a metal detector, a device used to determine the presence of metals. Mintey’s find—much of which now sits in the British Museum—earned him roughly $350,000, enough to quit his job with a small manufacturer and spend more time pursuing lost treasure.
But digging up the past is controversial in Britain. In many European countries, metal detectorists, or people using metal detectors, face tough regulations. In the U. K., however, official introduced a scheme in 1997 encouraging hobbyists to report their discoveries (except for those falling under the definition of treasure, like Mintey’s find, which they are required to report) — but allowing them to keep what they find, or receive a reward. Last year, a hidden store was uncovered in a field outside Birmingham. It consists of more than 1,500 gold and silver objects from the seventh century and was valued at more than $4.5 million. While local museums hurry to raise enough money to keep the find off the open market, itsits in limbo, owned by the Crown but facing claims by the landowner and the metal detectorist who found it.
The find marks the latest battleground in the increasingly heated conflict between the country’s 10,000- 20,000 metal detectorists and the museum workers determined to protect its precious old objects. Supporters say the scheme stems the loss of valuable information about precious old objects, while opponents argue that metal detectorists don’t report everything.
The debate centers on the larger question of who owns the past. “There’s been a slow move over the centuries that precious old things belong to us all,” says Professor Christopher Chippindale of Cambridge University. But in Britain at least, the temptation of buried treasure could change all that.
1. According to the first paragraph, the coins in Surrey were .
A. worth roughly $350,000
B. possessed by a local resident
C. unearthed about 500 years ago
D. left by a merchant during a war
2. What do we know about Roger Mintey?
A. He produces metal detectors.
B. He owns a manufacturing firm.
C. He works for the British Museum.
D. He seeks buried treasure as a hobby.
3. In the U. K., metal detectorists .
A. are rewarded for whatever they find
B. are forced to obey tough regulations
C. may keep what they have discovered
D. should report whatever they discover
4. As for the find outside Birmingham, it is still unclear .
A. how much it is worth
B. how it was discovered
C. who is entitled to it
D. what it is made up of
5. According to Professor Christopher Chippindale, buried treasure .
A. is owned by the public
B. is debated in a heated way
C. remains a big temptation
D. turns precious overtime
Text 8
Every year for more than a decade I’ve gone with some good male friends to the music festival. Women are not invited, but they do prepare a picnic for our trip. The better the food, the more likely we are to continue our annual tradition and give them peace at least one week out of the year.
When we’re not eating, we sit around in circles and talk about manly stuff: women, mostly. After years of this special journey I have figured out women are different from us, especially when it comes to how we communicate. Women don’t need to manufacture reasons to chat, but guys need excuses like outings or organized events.
And I’ve noticed that when women are in groups there can be several conversations going on at once. When men are in a group, one man talks, and everybody else listens. It’s like bluegrass jamming in away; one musician plays the lead, and the rest try to follow.
I’ve had more heartfelt conversations with other men at the festival than I’ve had at any other time in my life, partly because there are no women there, and partly because we’realla litter drunk. It was males bonding over whatever parts we still had left. The festival is also the only place I’ve ever cried in front of other men.
As the years have slipped by, some in our group have lost parents and grandparents, some have divorced, and others have changed careers, not always on purpose. It seems that every year something distressing has happened to at least one member of our crew, and the rest of us are there to listen and offer support.
I hope that this column can offer some comfort to women: if your man heads out on a bowling or poker night with the guys, be happy. Chances are good he’s not fleeing you and the kids, but he’s running toward the conversations he can only have with other men, and he’ll come home the better for it.
1.It is implied in the first paragraph that .
A. the trip is a relief for both men and women
B. the trip will continue in spite of everything
C. the quality of the picnic needs improvement
D. the women can rarely get peace themselves
2. Men and women differ in the way they talk in that .
A. men like to play the lead in conversations
B. women can strike up a talk for any reason
C. men can be engaged in several talks at once
D. women are good listeners in conversations
3.That the author cried in front of other men reveals .
A. the effect of bluegrass music upon men
B. the effect of alcohol on men’s behaviors
C. men’s need to release their deep emotions
D. men’s need to cultivate intimate friendship
4. What is the idea that the author wants to convey in paragraph 5?
A. Life is doomed to be full of distresses.
B. Changes are the constant theme of life.
C. Friendship stays despite changes in life.
D. Life consists of sweating and harvesting.
5. In the last paragraph, the author advises women to .
A. encourage their husbands to improve their life style
B. encourage their husbands to go bowling or play poker
C. give their husbands chances to flee from housework
D. give their husbands chances for male communication
Text 9
Computers have been taught to play not only checkers, but also championship chess, which is a fairly accurate yardstick for measuring the computer’s progress in the ability to learn from experience.
Because the game requires logical reasoning, chess would seem to be perfectly suited to the computer all a programmer has to do is give the computer a program evaluating the consequences of every possible response to every possible move, and the computer will win every time. In theory this is a sensible approach; in practice it is impossible. Today, a powerful computer can analyze 40,000 moves a second. That is an impressive speed. But there are an astronomical number of possible moves in chess—literally trillions. Even if such a program were written (and in theory it could be, given enough people and enough time), there is no computer capable of holding that much data.
Therefore, if the computer is to compete at championship levels, it must be programmed to function with less than complete data. It must be able to learn from experience, to modify its own program, to deal with a relatively unstructured situation—in aword, to“think ”for itself . In fact, this can be done. Chess-playing computers have yet to defeat world champion chess players, but several have beaten human players of only slightly lower ranks. The computers have had programs to carry them through the early, mechanical stages of their chess games. But they have gone on from there to reason and learn, and sometimes to win the game.
There are other proofs that computers can be programmed to learn, but this example is sufficient to demonstrate the point. Granted , winning a game of chess is not an earthshaking event even when a computer does it . But there are many serious human problems which ban be fruitfully approached as games. The Defense Department uses computers to play war games and work out strategies for dealing with international tensions. Other problems—international and interpersonal relations, ecology and economics , and the ever-increasing threat of world famine—can perhaps be solved by the joint efforts of human beings and truly intelligent computers .
1.The purpose of creating chess-playing computers is .
A. to win the world chess champion
B. to pave the way for further intelligent computers
C. to work out strategies for international wars
D. to find an accurate yardstick for measuring computer progress
2. Today , a chess-playing computer can be programmed to .
A. give trillions of responses in a second to each possible move and win the game B. function with complete data and beat the best players
C. learn from chess-playing in the early stage and go on to win the game
D. evaluate every possible move but may fail to give the right response each time 3. For a computer to “think” , it is necessary to .
A .mange to process as much data as possible in a second
B. program it so that it can learn from its experiences
C. prepare it for chess-playing first
D. enable it to deal with unstructured situations
4 .The author’s attitude towards the Defense Department is .
A. critical B. unconcerned C. positive D. negative
5. In the author’s opinion, .
A. winning a chess game is an unimportant event
B. serious human problems shouldn’t be regarded as playing a game
C. ecological problems are more urgent to be solved
D. there is hope for more intelligent computers
Text 10
We’ ve read how babies stare longer and cry less when held by pretty people, and heard tales of handsome children doing better in school, given special attention by their teachers. In life, as in love, beautiful people seem to have it awfully easy. But what if we told you that when it comes to online dating, good looks could actually hurt you?
According to a recent survey of 43,000 users by OK Cupid, an online dating site, the more men disagree about a woman’ s looks, the more they end up liking her. What does that mean for ladies looking for a match? “We now have mathematical evidence that minimizing your ‘weaknesses’ is the opposite of what you should do,” says the site’ sco-founder, Christian Rudder. “If you’re a little fat, play it up. If you have a big nose, play it up. Statistically, the guys who don’t like it can only help you, and the ones who do like it will be all the more excited.’’
The results of this study end up highlighting an idea that recent scientific research does indeed support. Which is this: the beautiful may have it good, but online, as in work and life, women who are too attractive don’t always have an advantage.
Beauty creates more competition—among women, taught they must out-look each other for men and jobs and everyday satisfaction; and among men, who are competing for the most attractive prize. All of which might help explain why 47 percent of corporate recruiters believe it’s possible for a woman to suffer for being “too good-looking”; why attractive women tend to face heightened examination from their female peers; or, finally, why men on OK Cupid end up contacting women who may ultimately be less attractive—because it removes the opposition. “If you suspect other men are uninterested, it means less competition,” explains Rudder. “You might start thinking: maybe she’ s lonely… maybe she’ s just waiting to find a guy who appreciates her… at least I won’ t get lost in the crowd.’’
In the end, being beautiful will always have its blessings—but sometimes, there’s more to an advantage than meets the eye.
1. It is generally believed that beautiful people .
A. have less difficulty in life B. are less worried about love
C. pay less attention to others D. like to gaze at lovely babies
2. The OK Cupid survey found that men’s arguments over a woman’s looks .
A. have little meaning B. benefit online dating
C. will actually hurt her D. add to her popularity
3. Christian Rudder advises women to .
A. play up their physical advantages
B. view their popularity scientifically
C. highlight their physical weaknesses
D. accept guys who are willing to help
4. The attitude of women toward their attractive peers is .
A. critical B. friendly
C. conservative D. straightforward
5. The main idea of the text is that a woman’s good looks .
A. help to shape ideas of beauty
B. can put her at a disadvantage
C. end up with blessings for her
D. will always appeal to the eye
三、 综合题（阅读关于某个主题五个人的观点后，在所给 7 个选项中选出五个 人对应的观点。）
题目 1
Directions:
The 12，000 members of the Electricity Workers ’ Union went on strike last week and since then there has been no electricity. For questions 1-5, match the names with of each person to one of the statements (A – G) below.
Mr. Mike Smith:
It wasn’t an easy decision, but we’ve been asking for a decent wage for years. Now at last people are beginning to listen to us. We’ re only asking for a 25 percent increase in our wages. 250 dollars a week, that’s all. It’s a pity so many people have to be inconvenienced by our strike. But please don’t blame us. Blame the government for refusing our claim.
Mr. Tom Brown:
It’ s totally unreasonable to demand so much money when we are trying desperately to control inflation. If wages go up, so do prices. If we gave into the electricity workers, all the other unions would want more, with the inevitable result that the crisis would become uncontrollable. What we’ retrying to impress upon everybody is that inflation hurts everybody, especially the poor people. We offer the electricity workers a 10 percent increase. And that’s already too much. My stand at this meeting will be to persuade the Union to see reason.
Mr. Bob Davis:
Everybody will be hurt by this strike, including the electricity workers themselves. The economy will be destroyed and many people will lose their jobs. Already people are saying that the big unions have too much power and shouldn’t be allowed to strike. Of course the electricity workers want to get more money. Don’t we all?
Mrs. Baker：
My opinion is “Get the Army in”. All the power stations should be managed by the army. The strikers should be thrown into prison. That’s what this country needs. Why must we all suffer just because a few men are greedy? If they don’t like their jobs, nobody’s forcing them to work. They should try and live on 50 dollars aweek like I have to. Perhaps they’d keep their mouths shut then.
Miss Slater:
Let’s face it. It’s neither here nor there. The electricity workers are in a strong position. Perhaps we can’t do anything about it. What I say is: let them have their 250 dollars so we can return to work. I mean,the government wastes the taxpayers’ money all the time on trivial things. How can anyone
say 250 dollars is “too much” ？ Pop singers get more. Nurses get less. It’s just one of those things.
Now match each of the persons (1 — 5) to the appropriate statement.
Note： there are two extra statements.
Statements
1. Mr. Mike Smith
2. Mr. Tom Brown
3. Mr. Bob Davis
4. Mrs. Baker
5. Miss Slater
A. A 10% increase is already too much, and I’m here to persuade the Union to see reason.
B. I hope that strikes should be banned in all sectors relating to the nation’s security and stability.
C. We will never go back to work until our goals are achieved.
D.I think that the government should give in to the electricity worker’s demands.
E. I strongly suggest that all the power stations should be run by the army and that the strikers should be put into prison.
F. I must make you clear that strikers will destroy the economy and that many people will lose their jobs.
G. We are forced to call a strike because the government rejected our wage claim.
题目 2
Directions:
Read the texts from a magazine article in which five voice their different opinions responding to an article on the issue of social networking. For questions 1-5，match the name of each person to one of the statements (A-G) given below.
Laura：
I think that I have to agree with you. The idea to surround yourself with good and successful people still rings true. The electronic age may aid contact and communication. However, it does not substitute for looking someone in the eye. One has to have that person-to-person feel to instinctively grasp inner character. I’m sure that a combination of the two types of interaction will lend flavor to the future.
Mike：
I naturally tend to prefer face-to-face relationship building. However, having friends and business acquaintances all over the world, I find that tools such as Linkedln are quite useful. Both enable me to maintain old connections and make new connections with people I find I have something in common with. Learning how to use these vehicles is the key. I think we are presently in the process of doing just that.
Nick：
Just like what you have already mentioned, there is obviously a big difference between how people meet and interact on the net and in real world. What the network world offers is a more relaxed, fun, expressive place to be. I like social networking particular because it offer me a chance to make a lot of friends. That social networking sites do not built long-lasting relationships is just a misconception.
Linda：
It is all about a combination of various networking sites, and, if you want to do business, just a few e-mail exchanges. That’show I get to know my clients. Face-to-face networking is not always possible forme. I have clients around the globe, 99% of whomI’ve never met in person. People who oppose social-networking sites don’t understand the real changes that have taken place in the last decade.
Helen:
Sure enough, social networks are used to reconnect with friends. But they are also a tool for getting your business recognized. They are great places to place ads or comments about your business, because they are open to the public to view. It can be used as a way to network with would- be consumers. It is a perfect way to promote your business to the widest range of people globally.
Now match the name of each person (1 to 5) to the appropriate statement.
Note: there are two extra statements.
Statements
| 1. Laura | A. I do not think that online friendships are short-lived. |
| 2. Mike | B. Networking can make your companies better known. |
| 3. Nick | C. I double if people could use networking vehicles properly. |
| 4. Linda | D. To benefit from networking, you should learn how to use it. |
| 5.Helen | E. To understand people better, you have to meet them in person. |
| F. Social networking reflects the new demands of the changing time. | |
| G. In my opinion, networking has more disadvantages than advantages. |
题目 3
Directions:
Read the following texts in which five people wrote about being a vegetarian. For questions 1-5,match the name of each person(1-5) to one of the statements (A-G) given below.
Laurie:
It is encouraging to see that, whether out of sympathy for animals or a concern for their own health or both, people are starting to realize that it does not pay to eat too farup on the food chain. Meat need not be what is for dinner. Factory farming is barbaric and cruel. Every person who re- duces the use of animals in his life is performing a lifesaving act.
Jeff：
I am ready to be a vegetarian, but in our country, farmers, food producers, restaurants and su- permarkets are not prepared to support me. We all know that it is much easier and less expensive to get a hamburger at McDonald’ s or Chinese takeout or a roast chicken from the supermarket than it is to take the time to shop for, assemble and cook a tasty, nutritious and fulfilling vegetarian meal.
Rod：
I’ve heard another term for vegetarians: beady-eyed vegetarians. They’lleat things with beady eyes (fish, chicken) but not with big, sad eyes (cows, lambs). A friend of mine explained it by saying he would eat only things he thoughthe could kill himself. He figures he can kill a fish but not a cow.
That seems like a more honest and consistent rationale than some of the others I’ve heard.
Jerry：
As a moral vegetarian ，I have found that there is great misunderstanding about vegetarian principles in our society. While some vegetarians keep off animals as a matter of health, we moral vegetarians don’t want other animals to live for us, nor do we want other animals to die for us, as they do for food, clothing and wasteful scientific research. All animals live for their own sake, not for mine.
Ellen：
Why do some people think that animals and human beings are the same? In my opinion, ahu- man life is worth a lot more than an animal ’ s. I think that we must stop thinking of meat eaters as killers. Vegetarians also kill vegetable life. Is there any difference? Eat vegetables and meat; both help you to be healthy and allow you to have all the nutrients your bodies need.
Now match the name of each person (1 to 5) to the appropriate statement.
Note: there are two extra statements.
1. Laurie
2. Jeff
3. Rod
4. Jerry
5. Ellen
Statements
A. All animals have the right to live for themselves.
B. Some vegetarians in fact eat small-sized animals.
C. Vegetarians need to do more to save animal’ lives.
D. Some people have overstressed the rights of animals.
E. Vegetarians should be consistent in their eating habits.
F. How can I become a vegetarian without a favorable environment?
G. Eating less meat saves not only the life of animals but also that of your own.
题目 4
Directions:
Read the texts from a magazine article in which five people talked about tipping in a restaurant. For questions 1-5 ，match the name of each person to one of the statements (A-G) given below.
Richard:
I’ve always viewed tipping as a way of saying “thank you” to the one who serves me. I believe what is had is when no tip is left at all. The better the service, the higher the tip. Unless the service is literally perfect, I never tip more than 10% of the bill. Much like the harder teachers in school, I never give an easy “A. ’’ My assessment is honest.
Daniel:
A tip is a “thank you,” but in truth, a tip is payment for service. 20% is a standard tip. Servers deserve it for their hard work. Restaurants will never pay more for labor unless they are forced to do so by new laws. Tips makeup about 97% of a server’s total income. Those tips are needed for survival. So, before servers are paid a living wage, tip 20%.
Kate:
Why should I pay the difference between what the restaurant is willing to pay the employee and what an acceptable wage is? I do pay 20%, but I hate it. A friend of mine left Europe for New York City, found a job in a restaurant there and ended up making $5,500 a month. Enough above minimum wage? How about miners, construction workers, resident doctors, etc? Do they get tipped?
Patricia:
18-20% for good service is today’s standard. The restaurant and its employees are too polite to tell you this or to put it on their menus, but that is their expectation and you need to understand that. I believe it is good manners to respect this. To do otherwise is to be openly rude. If you dis- agree, you are wise to eat elsewhere, as you are hurting a hardworking professional.
Michael:
Tipping has gotten out of control. I always had thought it was 15%,and now suddenly servers have made it 20%. I tip 15%, and that’s it. If the service is really superior, then I work higher from there. Interesting to be told, ”If you can’t afford to tip 20%, then you should eat at home.” If all those people stayed away, the restaurant would not even be in business.
Now match the name of each person （1 – 5） to the appropriate statement.
Note： there are two extra statements.
Statements
| 1. Richard | A. It’s rude not to tip. |
| 2. Daniel | B. I do tip, though I don’t like it. |
| 3. Kate | C. Tipping shouldn’t be compulsory. |
| 4. Patricia | D. Tips are essential to servers’ survival. |
| 5. Michael | E. If you don’t tip, you are punishing the server. |
| F. I think the current tipping standard is too high. | |
| G. My tip faithfully reflectshow good the service is. |
题目 5
Directions:
Read the texts from a magazine article in which five people talked about advertisement aimed at children. For questions 1-5 ，match the name of each person to one of the statements (A -G) given below.
Anne:
I really don’t think that it ’ s moral to target children with advertisements, as they are not yet able to distinguish advertising from actual programming in the way adults can. This means that advertising aimed at children is misleading and unfair. It is also clearly effective, as otherwise advertisers would not spend hundreds of millions of dollars each year targeting children who are not yet able to resist their sales pitch.
John:
Advertising aimed at children brings negative social consequences, as much of it is for food and drinks that are unhealthy. Encouraging naive children to consume so much fatty, sugary and salty food is morally wrong because it creates overweight, unhealthy youngsters, with bad eating habits that will be with them for life. Society may pay a high price in terms of the extra medical care such children will eventually require.
Lily：
I think banning advertisements is a severe restriction upon freedom of speech. Companies should be able to tell the public about any legal products, or innovation will be restricted and new companies will find it hard to market their products successfully in the face of established rivals. Children also have a human right to receive information from a wide range of sources and makeup their own minds about it.
Ross:
Children naturally like foods that are rich in fats and sugar. They give them the energy they need to play energetically and grow healthily. It is true that eating only such foods is bad for people, but this is a problem of bad parenting rather than the fault of advertising. If advertising to children were banned, then governments would not be able to use this means of promoting healthy eating.
Julia：
Children are not naive innocents, but clever consumers who can distinguish at a very young age between advertisements and programs, and understand that advertisements can be misleading. This essential learning process is, in fact, developed through exposure to advertisements. It is also assisted by responsible parenting that does not just leave children alone in front of the television, but spends sometime watching with them and discussing what is seen.
Now match the name of each person (1-5) to the appropriate statement.
Note： there are two extra statements.
Statements
| 1. Anne | A. Parents’ bad lifestyle influences their children. |
| 1. John | B. It’s not right to ban advertisements. |
| 2. Lily | C. Don’t blame advertisements for kids’ bad eating habits. |
| 3. Ross | D. Children are easily misled by advertisements. |
| 4. Julia | E. Watching TV advertisements is a process of learning for kids. |
| F. It ’ s time to ban advertisements aimed at children. | |
| G. Advertisements aimed at children may bring trouble to society. |
四、填空题（选词填空）
Directions:
Read the following texts from which 10 words have been removed. Choose from the words A-O the most suitable one to fill each numbered gap in the text (1 -10). There are FIVE extra words that you do not need to use.
题目 1
Some of the greatest successes you can think of began with failure. What a big 1 a little continued effort and determination can make.
Workplace expert Nan Russell, author of “The Titleless Leader: How to Get Things Done. 一
When You ’ re Not in Charge, ” offers a number of 2 of people who were deemed failures—and then turned successful.
Albert Einstein was 3 to be mentally challenged as a child and told he would never amount to anything. Need we say how that one turned out?
Walt Disney was fired from the Kansas City Star because the editor thought he lacked 4 .
Chester Carlson ’ s early Xerox machines were 5 by 20 companies before he finally found a business partner.
Thomas Edison failed thousands of times before inventing the light bulb. There are many quotes from the great inventor that are worth 6 to memory. Here ’ sjust one: “ Many of life ’ s failures are people who did not realize how 7 they were to success when they gave up. ”
So, while failure may not feelgood, it’ s often an essential part of success, the trial-and-error that can lead to greater things. If you spend all your time 8 about past mistakes, you might not notice when real opportunity arrives, so by all 9 ,learn from your mistakes—then put them behind you,rollup your sleeves and get back to work.
Here ’ s one more quote from Edison for us to think about: “If we all did the
things we are 10 of, we would astound ourselves.”
[A ]capable [B ] close [C ] combination
[D ] committing [E ] contributing [F ] creativity
[G ] difference [H ] encouraged [I ] examples
[J ] judged [K ] means [L ] rejected
[M] typical [N ] ways [ O ] worrying
题目 2
Do you give your children money when they perform well at school?
According to a study ，such an action could be 1 to their development, and cause them to be more materialistic as adults. The study suggests that those who were rewarded and spoiled as children were more likely to think possessions define who they are. “Using material possessions to express love or reward children for their 2 can have bad effect, wrote the authors of the study. “It can 3 materialism in them.”
The authors surveyed 701 adults to measure the long-term 4 of material parenting. They were asked to describe their current life situation and values, and also reported on a 5 of childhood circumstances, their relationship with their parents, and the re wards and punishments they received.
Results showed adults who had received more material rewards and punishments as children were more likely than others to use possessions to define and express who they are. And they were likely to continue rewarding themselves with material 6 .
Parents should, therefore, be cautious about using material possessions to express their love and reward their children for good behavior, 7 authors .They say 8 emphasis on material possessions during childhood can have significant effects. It can 9 “ the way for their to grow up to be more likely than others to 10 people with expensive possessions and judge success by the kinds of things people own,’’ the authors conclude.
| [A]achievements | [B]admire | [C]blame |
| [D]careful | [E]develop | [F]excessive |
| [G]goods | [H]harmful | [I]impact |
| [J]level | [K]motivate | [L]pave |
| [M]responsibilities | [N]variety | [O]warn |
题目 3
It can be a special experience to go on a family trip during the holiday season, but one reason that many parents 1 to stay home is the cost of travel. Here are some ways of reducing your travel 2 .
Flying is a fast way to arrive at your destination, but the cost of airline tickets can really add up if you are buying lights the whole family. Often, it is cheaper to pay for gas 3 the whole family can fit in the car, 4 with the current decreases in gas prices.
If your destination is too far to drive to, you should look at a variety of 5 for your flight times. For example, it is often cheaper to fly on Christmas day instead of flying a few days before Christmas. Also, 6 early morning flights is cheaper than traveling during peak times during the day.
Eating out 7 you are on the road can quickly increase the trip cost, and it’s much cheaper to stop at the grocery store, planning your own food 8 . If you plan to eat out, then it ‘s usually cheaper to eat a restaurant during breakfast or lunch , 9 you to skip the higher dinner prices.
Also, it might he cheaper to visit an all-inclusive resort. These resorts include all the meals and a variety of activities, and many of them have children’s activities so that the kids can _ 10__ entertained during the trip.
| [A] allowing | [B] if | [C] begin |
| [D] choose | [E] driving | [F] especially |
| [G] expenses | [H] instead | [I] before |
| [J] options | [K] stay | [L] taking |
| [M] too | [N] troubles | [O] while |
题目 4
When I tell people that Iwork from wherever I want, whether it be home or a friend’ s office, I
am generally met with a bit of scorn or a response that points out how “lucky” I am. Actually,
I’ m just getting to 1 what millions of people are already living: the mobile office.
Office space has undergone marked changes in the past few decades, with wooden desks being 2 by customizable cubicle walls and desks, then shifting to many of the new open-office designs we see now. This evolution is continuing as 3 realize that mobile technology is keeping workers away from the office more than ever.
Perhaps the most 4 change this year is something that has already begun.
Thanks to increasing 5 on mobile devices, professionals can make a seamless transition from home to meetings to the office, with clients and 6 never realizing the change in location. Phones can easily be routed to cell phones, and cloud-based file storage means documents can be 7 from any device with an Internet connection.
As the “work anywhere” trend continues to grow, professionals will have more 8 than ever. They ’ II no longer be chained to a desk eight hours a day, allowing them to be more 9 and more reachable when they’re needed. In time, this will most likely 10 the definition of the office to include any location where an Internet connection is available.
| [A ] accessed[D ] considerate[G ] efficient[J ] freedom[M] reliance | [B ] businesses[E ] created[H ] engineers[K ] notable[N ] replaced | [C ] confidence[F ] customers[I ] experience[L ] provide[ O] reshape |
题目 5
Folk toys are those whose designs have passed down through the generations, made by hand and not in factories. Unlike manufactured toys, they are not protected by copyrights or 1 , nor have they been 2 by machine production. Early folk toys were made of natural materials including wood, cloth, metal, earth, and other found materials. Wood was often used because it was available, easily worked, and required no painting. Toys were considered unimportant, so few was written about them. A parent made toys for a child, or children themselves made toys. The toys often were cleverly made and used action movements. 3 , fathers and boys have been most interested in action toys, while mothers and girls have 4 dolls and needlework.
Folk toys include action toys , models, games, puzzles, and dolls. This basic list can be 5 to include skill toys, balance toys, flying toys, shooting toys, those 6 music or noise, and animated toys. The creator’s name is lost in history, and the 7 names given to the toys vary. Typical names include Bullroarer, Jacob’s Ladder, and Limber Jack.
Early settlers of the Appalachian region mostly came from Germany, England, Scotland, and Ireland, bringing knowledge of folk toys from their home counties. The designs often were
8 in the process handing them down_, so now there are many variations.
The making of homemade toys decreased in times of 9 , when people could buy manufactured toys. Recently there is a new 10 for the mountain folk toy heritage, however. And handcrafted toys are sometimes bought in preference to manufactured toys.
| [A] favored | [B]standardized | [C] modified |
| [D] prosperity | [E] minimized | [F] appreciation |
| [G] incorporating | [H]enlarged | [I] discarded |
| [J] patents | [K]massively | [L] Traditionally |
| [M]provided | [N]descriptive | [O]identity |
五、 填空题（选句填空）
Directions:
Read the following text from which five sentences have been removed. Choose from the sentences A-G the most suitable one to fill each numbered gap in the text (1 -5). There are TWO extra sentences that you do not need to use.
题目 1
When Carios Westez died at the age of 76 ，a language died, too. Westez, more commonly known as Red Thunder Cloud, was the last speaker of the Native American language Catawba. Anyone who wants to hear the songs of the Catawba can contact the Smithsonian Institution in Washington, D. C., where ，back in the 1940s, Red Thunder Cloud recorded a series of songs for future generations. 1 They are all that is left of the Catawba language. The language that people used to speak is gone forever.
We are all aware of the danger that modern industry can do to the world’s ecology(生态). However, few people are aware of the impact widely spoken languages have on otherlanguages and ways of life. English has spread all over the world. Chinese, Spanish, Russian, and Hindi have become powerful languages as well. 2 When this happens, hundreds of languages that are spoken by only a few die out.
Scholars believe there are around 6,000 languages around the world, but more than half of them could die out within the next 100 years. There are many examples. Araki is the language of the island of Vanuatu, located in the Pacific Ocean. It is spoken by only a few older adults, so like Catawba, Araki will soon disappear. Many languages of Ethiopia will have the same fate because each one has only a few speakers. 3 In the Americas, 100 languages, each of which has fewer than 300 speakers, are dying out.
Red ThunderCloud was one of the first to recognize the danger of language death and to try to do something about it. He was not actually bomb into the Catawba tribe, and the language was not his mother tongue. 4 The songs he sang for the Smithsonian Institution helped to make Native American music popular. Now he is gone, and the language is dead.
What does it mean for the rest of us when a language disappears? When a plant, insect, or animal species dies, it is easy to understand what has been lost and to appreciate what it means for
the balance of the natural world. However, language is only a product of the mind. To be the last re- maining speaker of a language, like Red Thunder, must be a peculiarly lonely destiny, almost as strange and terrible as being the last surviving member of a dying specie. 5
[A] Some people might want to learn some of these songs by hearts.
[B] Most languages have become less and less speakers.
[C] However, he was a frequent visitor to the Catawba reservation in South Carcinoma where he learned the language.
[D] These languages don’t have many native speakers.
[E] For the rest of us, when a language dies, we lose the possibility of a unique way of seeing and describing the world.
[F] As these language become more powerful, their use as tools of business and culture increase, as well.
[G]Papus New Guines is an extremely rich source of different language, but more than 100 of them are in danger of extinction(灭绝).
题目 2
Everywhere you look, you see kids bouncing a basketball or waving a tennis racquet （网球拍） .And these kids are getting younger and younger. In some countries, children can compete on basketball, baseball, and volleyball teams starting at age nine. 1 And swimming and gymnastics classes begin at age four, to prepare children for competition.
It ，s true that a few of these kids will develop into highly skilled athletes and may even become members of the national Olympic teams. 2 This emphasis on competition in sports is having serious negative effects.
Children who get involved in competitive sports at a young age often grow tired of their sport. Many parents pressure their kids to choose one sport and devote all their time to it. 3 But 66 percent of the young athletes wanted to play more than one sport—for fun.
Another problem is the pressure imposed by over-competitive parents and coaches. Children are not naturally competitive. In fact, a recent study by Paulo David found that most children don’t even understand the idea of competition until they are seven years old. 4
The third, and biggest, problem for young athletes is the lack of time to do their homework, have fun, be with friends—in short, time to be kids. When they are forced to spend every afternoon at sports practice, they often start to hate their chosen sport. A searchers found that 70 percent of kids who take part in competitive sports before the age of twelve quit before they turn eighteen. 5 Excessive competitive away all the enjoyment.
Need to remember the purpose of youth sports—to give kids a chance to have developing strong, healthy bodies.
[A] Survey found that 79 percent of parents of young athletes wanted their children to concentrate on one sports.
[B] Many of them completely lose interest in sports.
[C] Very young kids don’t know why their parents are pushing them so hard.
[D] The young soccer organization has teams for children as young as five.
[E] Children should have a regular time for sports.
[F] But what about the others, the average kids?
[G] Sports for children have two important purposes.
题目 3
“Any apples today?” Effie asked cheerfully at my window. I followed her to her truck and bought a kilo. On credit, of course. 1 ”Pay me whenever you like,” said Effie, climbing back into her truck.
All pretense of payment was dropped when our funds, food and fuel decreased to alarming lows. Effie came often, always bringing some gift: ajar of peaches or some firewood. There were other generosities. Our baby was not doing well, so Effie financed my wife’s trip to New York for consultation with a specialist.
2 Her income, derived from investments she had made while running an interior decorating shop, had never exceeded $200 a month, which she supplemented by selling her apples. But she always managed to help someone poorer.
Years passed before Iwas able to return the money Effie had given me from time to time. She was ill now and had aged rapidly in the last year. “Here, darling,” I said, “is what I owe you. “Don’t give it to me all at once,” she said. “ 3 ” I think she believed there was magic in the slow discharge of a love debt.
The simple fact is that Inever repaid the whole amount to Effie, for she died a few weeks later. 4 But a curious thing began to happen.
Whenever I sawa fellow human in financial trouble,I was moved to help him. I can’tafford to do this always, but in the ten years since Effie’s death, I have indirectly repaid my debt to her.
The oddest part of the whole affair is that people whom I help often help others later on. 5 So the account can never be marked closed, for Effie’s love will goon in hearts that have never known her.
[A] At that time, it seemed that my debt would forever go unsettled.
[B] Give your help to those in greater need.
[C] Effie was not a rich woman.
[D] Effie worked diligently all her life.
[E] Cash was the one thing in the world I lacked just then.
[F] By now, the few dollars Effie gave me have been multiplied many times.
[G] Give it back as I gave it to you—a little at a time.
题目 4
The world has become so complicated that we’ve lost confidence in our ability to understand and deal with it. 1 No amount of expertise substitutes for an intimate knowledge of a person or a situation. At times you just have to trust your own judgement.
It almost cost me my life to learn that. I was reading a book one day, idly scratching the back of my head, when I noticed that, in one particular spot, the scratching echoed inside my head like fingernails on an empty cardboard carton, I rushed off to my doctor.
“Got a hole in your head, have you?” he teased. “ 2 ”
Two years and four doctors later, I was still being told it was nothing. To the fifth doctor. I said, almost in desperation,”But I live in this body. I know something’ sdifferent.”“If you won’ttake my word for it, I’ll take an X-ray and prove it to you,” he said.
Well, there it was, of course, the tumor that had made a hole as big as an eye socket in the back of my skull. After the operation, a young resident paused by my bed. “It’s a good thing you’re so smart,” he said. “ 3 ”
I’m really not so smart. And I’m too docile in the face of authority. I should have been more aggressive with those first four doctors. 4
Experts always sound so sure. Nevile Chamberlain, the British prime minister, was positive, just before the start of World War II, that there would be “peace for our time.” Producer Irving Thalberg did not hesitate to advise Louis B. Mayer against buying the rights to Gone With the Wind because “no Civil War picture ever made a nickel.” Even Abraham Lincoln surely believed it when he said in his Gettysburg Address:” The world will little note, nor long remember, what we say here …”
5 When it’s an area we really know about—our bodies, our families, our houses—let’s listen to what the experts say, then makeup our own minds.
[A]It’s nothing—just one of those little scalp nerves sounding off.
[B] It’shard to question opinions delivered with absolute certainty.
[C] Are Experts Always Right ?
[D]We should not, therefore, be intimidated by experts.
[E] But common sense is useful now as it ever was.
[F] Most patient die of these tumors because we don’tknow they’re there until it is too late.
[G] We should have been more aggressive with those experts.
题目 5
Recent stories in the newspapers and magazines suggest that teaching and research contradict each other, that research plays too prominent a part in academic promotions, and that teaching is badly underemphasized. 1
Research experience is an essential element of hiring and promotion at a research university
because it is the emphasis on research that distinguishes such a university from an arts college. 2
Most research universities reward outstanding teaching, but the greatest recognition is usually given for achievements in research. 3 A highly responsible and tough professor is usually appreciated by top students who want to be challenged, but disliked by those whose records are less impressive. The mild professor gets overall ratings that are usually high, but there is a sense of disappointment in the part of the best students, exactly those for whom the system should present the greatest challenges. Thus, a university trying to promote professors primarily on the teaching qualities would have to confront this confusion.
As modern science moves faster, two forces are exerted on professor: one is the time needed to keep on with the profession; the other is the time needed to teach. The training of new scientists requires outstanding teaching at the research university as well as the arts college. Although scientists are usually “made” in the elementary schools, scientists can be “lost” by poor teaching at the college and graduate school levels. 4 The title of professor should be given only to those who profess, and it is perhaps time for universities to reserve it for those willing to be an earnest part of the community of scholars. Professor unwilling to teach can be called “distinguished research investigators” or something else.
5 Yet many are described in just those terms. Those who say we can separate teaching and research simply do not understand the system but those who say the problem will disappear are not fulfilling their responsibilities.
[A] The solution is not to separate teaching and research, but to recognize that the combination is difficult but vital.
[B] Part of the reason is the difficulty of judging teaching.
[C] There is an element of truth in these statements, but they also ignore deeper and more important relationships.
[D] Teaching experience is an essential element of hiring and promotion at a research university.
[E] Professor willing to teach can be called “research investigators” .
[F] Some professors, however, neglect teaching for research and that presents a problem.
[G] The pace of modern science makes it increasingly difficult to be a great researcher and a great teacher.
六、作文题（应用文写作）
作文题 1
You found some problem with the book you bought from a US online bookstore. Write the bookstore an email to let it know:
1) when you bought the book;
2) what problem you found with the book;
3) what solution you expect.
You should write about 100words. Do not sign your own name at the end of your email. Use
‘’Wang Lin” instead.
作文题 2
You have just had a terrible trip to a foreign country. Post a message to an English online forum：
1) telling other travelers some of your bad experiences;
2) giving them some suggestions about taking a trip.
You should write about 100 words. Do not sign your own name at the end of yourmessage. Use “Wang Lin” instead.
作文题 3
Your friend Paul wants to know in detail about the part-time job you took at a restaurant during the summer vacation. Write an email to Paul, telling him about:
1) what you did on the job ;
2) how you felt about the working environment and co-workers ;
3) what you learned from the job.
You should write about 100 words. Do not sign your own name at the end of your email. Use “Wang Lin” instead.
作文题 4
You are the organizer of an English speech contest, and you want to invite a foreign teacher in your school to be a judge. Write an email to him,
1) telling him about the contest(time, location, topic, etc.);
2) expressing your hope for his participation and his reply to yourmessage.
You should write approximately 100 words. Do not use your own name at the end of your email. Use “Wang Lin” instead.
作文题 5
Your friend Paul is coming to visit you next month. In his last email, he asked you about the interesting places in your hometown. Write an email back to Paul, telling him about:
1) some interesting places you would recommend;
2) things necessary for the travel.
You should write approximately 100 words. Do not use your own name at the end of your email. Use “Wang Lin” instead.
七、写作（命题写作）
写作 1
Directions: For this part ，you are required to write an essay titled “How Will Our Life Go on without Internet?” .The statement given below is for your reference . You should write at least
120 words but no more than 180 words.
1. 网络提供给了人们丰富多彩和便捷的生活
2. 很多人开始感觉离开网络寸步难行
3. 你对网络依赖症的看法
写作 2
Directions: For this part ，you are required to write an essay titled “Craze for Civil Service Examinations” .The statement given below is for your reference . You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.
1. 现在有越来越多的大学毕业生报考公务员
2. 引起此现象的原因
3. 你的看法
写作 3
Directions: For this part ，you are required to write an essay titled “Is it Necessary to Attend training Classes?”. The statement given below is for your reference . You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.
1. 现在社会上有各种各样的培训班
2. 有些人认为有必要参加课外培训班，有些人则认为没有必要
3. 你的观点
写作 4
Directions: For this part，you are required to write an essay titled “Knowledge and Diploma” .The statement given below is for your reference . You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.
1. 目前社会上存在这样一种说法：文凭越高越吃香
2. 而有些人则认为文凭不等于知识
3. 你的观点
写作 5
Directions: For this part, you are required to write an essay titled “ University Students’ Pursuit of Famous ” .The statement given below is for your reference . You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.
1. 现在很多大学生都追求穿名牌，用名牌
2. 你对这种现象的看法
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